{"id":57,"date":"2023-04-02T15:20:12","date_gmt":"2023-04-02T08:20:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=57"},"modified":"2023-04-10T11:19:40","modified_gmt":"2023-04-10T04:19:40","slug":"phau-thuat-bac-cau-mach-vanh-va-nhung-dieu-can-biet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/04\/02\/phau-thuat-bac-cau-mach-vanh-va-nhung-dieu-can-biet\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh (CABG) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p oxy cho c\u01a1 tim. Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Tim m\u1ea1ch Hoa K\u1ef3 (AHA), CABG l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

1.Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u v\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n

B\u1eafc c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh (CABG) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p oxy cho c\u01a1 tim. Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Tim m\u1ea1ch Hoa K\u1ef3 (AHA), CABG l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ec7nh l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tim m\u1ea1ch, g\u00e2y ra t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ho\u1eb7c ngh\u1eb9t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh. <\/span>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh cung c\u1ea5p m\u00e1u, oxy v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u01a1 tim \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. <\/span>Khi c\u00e1c v\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e1u, oxy v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u01a1 tim gi\u1ea3m, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 \u1ee9 m\u00e1u c\u01a1 tim, suy tim v\u00e0 suy tim.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

CABG l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 suy tim. <\/span>Theo \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n CABG \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee5. <\/span>Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngang qua da c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2.C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb CAD b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3ng. <\/span>C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong CABG c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. <\/span>Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c v\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. <\/span>Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd c\u1eaft m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng t\u1eeb t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo, b\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt m\u1edf ng\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u01a1 tim. <\/span>Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 quan.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 t\u1eed vong v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a CAD. <\/span>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e1u v\u00e0 oxy cho c\u01a1 tim b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3. <\/span>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a CABG<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n

Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Tim m\u1ea1ch Hoa K\u1ef3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb CAD hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eb7t stent m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 CABG \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 t\u1eed vong v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a CAD. <\/span>Ngo\u00e0i ra, CABG c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. <\/span>Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 chuy\u00ean khoa.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4.C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. <\/span>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng bao g\u1ed3m tu\u1ed5i, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed1ng, lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. <\/span>Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, b\u1ec7nh t\u1ea3 b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u0103ng huy\u1ebft \u00e1p c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a CABG. <\/span>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n theo s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng th\u00f3i quen s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

5.K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u00ednh cho b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh (CAD), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 tim m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. <\/span>CABG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, gi\u00fap cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 oxy cho c\u01a1 tim.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, CABG c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra nhi\u1ec1u \u0111a th\u1ee9c, bao g\u1ed3m r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, chi ph\u00ed cao v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. <\/span>V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a CABG l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0 collagen v\u00e0 protein, \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. <\/span>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 robo-ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt n\u1ed9i soi v\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c da ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, CABG l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb CAD, tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Vinmec\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh (CABG) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p oxy cho c\u01a1 tim. 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