{"id":3334,"date":"2023-04-13T16:07:33","date_gmt":"2023-04-13T09:07:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=3334"},"modified":"2023-05-02T16:40:33","modified_gmt":"2023-05-02T09:40:33","slug":"du-phong-chan-thuong-rang-o-tre-tong-quan-phuong-phap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/04\/13\/du-phong-chan-thuong-rang-o-tre-tong-quan-phuong-phap\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb – T\u1ed5ng quan ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p."},"content":{"rendered":"

Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng r\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb, g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng (nhai, ph\u00e1t \u00e2m), \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi r\u1ea5t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, v\u00ec th\u1ebf d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd n\u00f3i s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng<\/h2>\n

Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng mi\u1ec7ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb, ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng (nhai, ph\u00e1t \u00e2m) v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, v\u00ec th\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

R\u0103ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0: tai n\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3, tai n\u1ea1n m\u00f4 t\u00f4, \u0111\u00e1nh nhau, ch\u01a1i th\u1ec3 thao… Tr\u1ebb trai th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1edbi v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec7ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 g\u00e3y th\u00e2n r\u0103ng, ch\u00e2n r\u0103ng, ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 2, ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a r\u0103ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u0103ng b\u1eadt ra kh\u1ecfi \u1ed5, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e3y x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

Tai n\u1ea1n x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf trong nh\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng s\u1eefa, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1i n\u1ea1n x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng hay g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u1ea3 r\u0103ng s\u1eefa v\u00e0 r\u0103ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 g\u00e3y th\u00e2n r\u0103ng c\u1eeda gi\u1eefa h\u00e0m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c r\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea5n ch\u00eca l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh. Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf b\u1ed9 r\u0103ng tr\u1ebb em t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean (Todd v\u00e0 Dod 1985).<\/p>\n

L\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i hay b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n

– T\u1eeb 1 \u2013 3 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

– T\u1eeb 7 \u2013 10 tu\u1ed5i (th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 do ch\u01a1i th\u1ec3 thao, b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1, b\u00f3ng r\u1ed5..).<\/p>\n

– Thanh ni\u00ean.<\/p>\n

T\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eafn ch\u00eca v\u00e0 che ph\u1ee7 m\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf r\u0103ng c\u1eeda gi\u1eefa h\u00e0m tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

– B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng cho r\u0103ng s\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

2. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng<\/h2>\n

2.1. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i<\/h3>\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng h\u00e0m m\u1eb7t \u1edf tr\u1ebb em l\u00e0 do tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb ng\u00e3 v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee9ng. Ng\u00e3 v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ec1m, h\u1ea5p thu l\u1ef1c, tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd \u00edt b\u1ecb \u0111au.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 cao tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb ng\u00e3 (CFH).<\/p>\n

– Khu v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u1ecf v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t an to\u00e0n s\u1ebd d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng cho tr\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i trong nh\u00e0 (nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng r\u1ed5, c\u1ea7u l\u00f4ng) n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01a1i \u1edf s\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tr\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

– S\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t tr\u1ebb trong khi ch\u00fang ch\u01a1i l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng h\u00e0m m\u1eb7t cho tr\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

2.2. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1edbm c\u1eafn ch\u00eca l\u1edbn \u1edf b\u1ed9 r\u0103ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p<\/h3>\n

T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u1edf nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eafn ch\u00eca l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 9 mm. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u1ec9nh nha \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c r\u0103ng c\u1eeda l\u00e0 th\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e1ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean qu\u00e1 c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

2.3. D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng – b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec7ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi trong khi ch\u01a1i th\u1ec3 thao<\/h3>\n
\"du-phong-chan-thuong-rang\"
M\u00e1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 (mouth guard) n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi ch\u01a1i th\u1ec3 thao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 thao \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf nh\u1eefng r\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0m tr\u00ean h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c r\u0103ng kh\u00e1c. V\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm khi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, n\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ea3y ra trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a r\u0103ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng m\u1eb7t \u1edf trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau.
\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec7ng (mouth guards) l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ea5n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng khi ch\u01a1i th\u1ec3 thao. Nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1eaft ngang cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec7ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia nha khoa lu\u00f4n khuy\u00ean m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 thanh ni\u00ean n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec7ng khi ch\u01a1i th\u1ec3 thao.<\/p>\n

2.4. D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec7ng<\/h3>\n

a) Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u b\u1edfi Turner n\u0103m 1977. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp v\u00e0o cung h\u00e0m tr\u00ean tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb sai kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn lo\u1ea1i III. N\u00f3 n\u00ean che ph\u1ee7 m\u1eb7t nhai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c r\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

b) Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/p>\n

– Ch\u00fang gi\u1eef m\u00f4 m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i v\u00e0 m\u00e1 c\u00e1ch xa r\u0103ng, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n b\u1ecb lo\u00e9t, t\u1ee5 m\u00e1u \u1edf m\u00f4i, m\u00e1 do r\u0103ng g\u00e2y ra khi b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

– Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec7m cho r\u0103ng v\u00ec v\u1eady tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u00fa \u0111\u00e1nh \u1edf c\u1eb1m, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 g\u00e3y x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m, tr\u1eadt kh\u1edbp r\u0103ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

– Ch\u00fang tr\u00e1nh cho nh\u1eefng r\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n va \u0111\u1eadp m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o nhau, gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro g\u00e2y r\u0103ng, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a r\u0103ng<\/p>\n

– Ch\u00fang n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 cho x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec7m cho x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n g\u1eaby x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u1edf g\u00f3c h\u00e0m, l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u…<\/p>\n

– Ch\u00fang d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea7n kinh, d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng l\u1ef1c di chuy\u1ec3n l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i l\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u00e0 ra sau.<\/p>\n

– Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c s\u0129 quy\u1ec1n anh.<\/p>\n

c) V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec7ng<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 polivinyl acetatepolyethylene copolymer (PVAc-PE).<\/p>\n

d) Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec7ng<\/p>\n

– Th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

– B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec7ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

– Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng (Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n nghi).<\/p>\n

e) B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec7ng<\/p>\n

– D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec7ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngay sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

– B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec7ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong h\u1ed9p c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 th\u1ee7ng.<\/p>\n

– S\u00fac mi\u1ec7ng b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00fac mi\u1ec7ng hay ch\u1ea5t s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng (0,2% chlorhexidine) ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

g) Th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec7ng B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 mi\u1ec7ng cho tr\u1ebb \u1edf b\u1ed9 r\u0103ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u1ea7n thay m\u1edbi trong v\u00f2ng 1 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p: Can thi\u1ec7p th\u00edch h\u1ee3p khi ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng do tai n\u1ea1n nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng do ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00e2y n\u00ean. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t minh ra k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt etching acid, bonding ng\u00e0 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng calcium hydroxide (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00e2n r\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f3ng ch\u00f3p \u1edf nh\u1eefng r\u0103ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft t\u1ee7y) gi\u00fap cho \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

2.5. Kh\u00e1m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng<\/h3>\n

2.5.1. Ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed y khoa<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed y khoa g\u1ed3m: c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 tim, c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u, suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng thu\u1ed1c, ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt…<\/p>\n

2.5.2. B\u1ec7nh s\u1eed nha khoa<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nha s\u0129 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i n\u1ea1n. Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh x\u1ea3y ra tai n\u1ea1n c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u1eddi gian c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a r\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

2.5.3. Kh\u00e1m th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1m k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u01b0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u sinh t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, kh\u00e1m \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u1ed5, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ecd n\u00e3o, ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed9t s\u1ed1ng c\u1ed5, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed, ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ecd n\u00e3o hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

2.5.4. Kh\u00e1m ngo\u00e0i mi\u1ec7ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng trong mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i mi\u1ec7ng. S\u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi, g\u00f2 m\u00e1, kh\u1edbp th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m, v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 c\u1eafn. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00e3y x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi, g\u00e3y x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m tr\u00ean. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 g\u00e3y x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi, s\u1edd b\u1edd n\u1ec1n x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u201ckhuy\u1ebft b\u1eadc thang\u201d, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c v\u1ebft lo\u00e9t, t\u1ee5 m\u00e1u, s\u01b0ng \u1edf ngo\u00e0i mi\u1ec7ng. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 v\u1ebft r\u00e1ch, lo\u00e9t \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u00ean hay m\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1m xem c\u00f3 d\u1ecb v\u1eadt hay m\u1ea3nh r\u0103ng hay kh\u00f4ng. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1ecb v\u1eadt n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y b\u1ecf kh\u1ecfi m\u00f4 m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n

G\u00e3y l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. Xem \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e1 ng\u1eadm mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, v\u1ebft lo\u00e9t \u1edf c\u1eb1m c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1m c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u1ed9t s\u1ed1ng c\u1ed5, l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n g\u00e3y l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed3m: c\u1eafn h\u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sai kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf h\u00e1 mi\u1ec7ng, ngo\u00e0i ra c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee5p phim panorama \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e3y.<\/p>\n

2.5.5. Kh\u00e1m trong mi\u1ec7ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1ee5c m\u00e1u \u0111\u00f4ng trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y b\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u00e1m m\u1ed9 m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 m\u00f4 c\u1ee9ng. S\u1edd x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ed5 r\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e3y. B\u1ea3o b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t 2 h\u00e0m v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 sai kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn hay kh\u00f4ng, m\u1ed7i r\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 lung lay c\u1ee7a r\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n xem c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ebft lo\u00e9t \u1edf ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c m\u00e1, phanh m\u00f4i tr\u00ean, l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee1i hay kh\u00f4ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ebft lo\u00e9t trong mi\u1ec7ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 th\u0103m kh\u00e1m c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c d\u1ecb v\u1eadt \u1edf \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

2.5.6. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/strong><\/p>\n

Phim c\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c r\u0103ng h\u00e0m tr\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u0103ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nghi ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 g\u00e3y ch\u00e2n r\u0103ng, phim X.quang \u1edf 2 h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng r\u0103ng b\u1ecb l\u00fan, phim m\u1eb7t nghi\u00eang r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch. Phim panorama \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e3y \u1edf l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

2.5.7. Ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u1eadt kh\u1edbp r\u0103ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n (r\u0103ng r\u01a1i ra ngo\u00e0i).<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u0103ng s\u1eefa: R\u0103ng s\u1eefa b\u1ecb r\u01a1i ra ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1eafm l\u1ea1i huy\u1ec7t \u1ed5 r\u0103ng. Do nh\u1eefng nguy c\u01a1 ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng m\u1ea7m r\u0103ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u0103ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n:
\n+ Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o ch\u00e2n r\u0103ng, gi\u1eef th\u00e2n r\u0103ng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n khi ch\u1eefa.
\n+ R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch r\u0103ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea1o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n r\u0103ng. C\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i r\u0103ng v\u00e0o \u1ed5 \u1edf \u0111\u00fang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng.
\n+ N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1eafm l\u1ea1i r\u0103ng, cho r\u0103ng v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 dung d\u1ecbch Hank, s\u1eefa, hay n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, hydrate \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng quanh r\u0103ng. Dung d\u1ecbch Hank \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 kit c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u.
\n+ R\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4.
\n+ \u0110\u01b0a tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p nha s\u0129 v\u00e0 khoa c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp theo.
\n+ Phim X.quang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea1 d\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng. D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng u\u1ed1n v\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec7t \u1ed5 r\u0103ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

– R\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed (tr\u1eadt kh\u1edbp, tr\u1eadt kh\u1edbp sang b\u00ean, ch\u1ed3i r\u0103ng).<\/p>\n

– G\u00e3y r\u0103ng (n\u1ee9t r\u0103ng, Ellis class I, Ellis class II hay III).<\/p>\n

– L\u00fan r\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

– G\u00e3y ch\u00e2n r\u0103ng (1\/3 ch\u00f3p, 1\/3 gi\u1eefa, 1\/3 c\u1ed5).<\/p>\n

– G\u00e3y x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ed5 r\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

3. D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh u\u1ed1n v\u00e1n<\/h2>\n
\"\"
Ch\u00edch ng\u1eeba u\u1ed1n v\u00e1n – ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a y h\u1ecdc, vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Nha c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eadp 2 – NXB Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng r\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb, g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng (nhai, ph\u00e1t \u00e2m), \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi r\u1ea5t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, v\u00ec th\u1ebf d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[28,33],"tags":[3],"yoast_head":"\nD\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb - T\u1ed5ng quan ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb, g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng (nhai, ph\u00e1t \u00e2m), \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, v\u00ec th\u1ebf d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u0103ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb - 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