{"id":32975,"date":"2023-05-10T06:50:03","date_gmt":"2023-05-09T23:50:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=32975"},"modified":"2023-05-10T20:26:46","modified_gmt":"2023-05-10T13:26:46","slug":"khi-cu-chuc-nang-thao-lap-mo-dau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/05\/10\/khi-cu-chuc-nang-thao-lap-mo-dau\/","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u00e1o l\u1eafp – T\u1ed5ng quan."},"content":{"rendered":"

Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u00e1o l\u1eafp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp nh\u01b0ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp di chuy\u1ec3n r\u0103ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp di chuy\u1ec3n r\u0103ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ngo\u00e0i m\u1eb7t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c n\u1ed9i sinh \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n r\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c x\u01b0\u01a1ng ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean r\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u00f4 xung quanh ph\u00e1t sinh trong ch\u00ednh kh\u00ed c\u1ee5. Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp di chuy\u1ec3n r\u0103ng v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u00f2 xo, \u1ed1c n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng, thun… l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 – th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c. C\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u00e1o l\u1eafp trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh r\u0103ng m\u1eb7t.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u00e1o l\u1eafp<\/h2>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00e0m m\u1eb7t bao g\u1ed3m r\u0103ng, m\u00e0ng nha chu, x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ed5 r\u0103ng, x\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ec1n h\u00e0m, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1edbp th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m v\u00e0 m\u00f4 c\u01a1 – th\u1ea7n kinh. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00e0m m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng th\u00edch nghi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p s\u1ecd m\u1eb7t. X\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u00f4 c\u1ee9ng trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Khi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e1u cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd ng\u1eebng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u00e0ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng. Khi c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00f9ng m\u00e0ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eafp x\u01b0\u01a1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o x\u01b0\u01a1ng trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o x\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t cao \u1edf tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

Roux v\u00e0 Wolff cho r\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi nhau. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i do l\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a x\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 quan ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Roux cho r\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i qua t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

B\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t h\u00e0i h\u00f2a r\u0103ng, x\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00f9ng h\u00e0m m\u1eb7t th\u00f4ng qua kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0 kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp. Trong ph\u1ea1m vi b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u00e1o l\u1eafp.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u00e1o l\u1eafp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp nh\u01b0ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp di chuy\u1ec3n r\u0103ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp di chuy\u1ec3n r\u0103ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ngo\u00e0i m\u1eb7t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c n\u1ed9i sinh \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n r\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c x\u01b0\u01a1ng ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean r\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u00f4 xung quanh ph\u00e1t sinh trong ch\u00ednh kh\u00ed c\u1ee5. Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp di chuy\u1ec3n r\u0103ng v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u00f2 xo, \u1ed1c n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng, thun… l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 – th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 nhai ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 v\u00f9ng quanh mi\u1ec7ng… \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n r\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c x\u01b0\u01a1ng. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, t\u1ea1i sao n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong bao l\u00e2u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00f3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

2. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m<\/h2>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh ba nh\u00f3m:<\/em><\/p>\n

Nh\u00f3m kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u1ed3m kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 activator (H\u00ecnh 1) v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 1: Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 activator<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Nh\u00f3m kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y khi mang v\u00e0o s\u1ebd t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea9y h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi (trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb sai kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn h\u1ea1ng II) ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea9y h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f9i sau (trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb sai kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn h\u1ea1ng III). Nh\u00f3m kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 activator t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng qua nh\u00f3m c\u01a1 nhai: c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng – h\u1ea1 h\u00e0m, \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0m ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc – lui sau v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 xung quanh. L\u1ef1c t\u1ea1o ra t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00ean r\u0103ng m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac xung quanh.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 activator (hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 monobloc) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i nh\u1ef1a li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ea3 h\u00e0m tr\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 s\u1ebd kh\u00edt s\u00e1t v\u1edbi h\u00e0m tr\u00ean, v\u00e0 h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ebd kh\u00edt s\u00e1t v\u1edbi kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 khi h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y d\u1ea5u s\u00e1p c\u1eafn. Do \u0111\u00f3, khi mang kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 v\u00e0o c\u01a1 nhai s\u1ebd c\u0103ng, c\u00f3 hai t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • C\u01a1 nhai s\u1ebd t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ngh\u1ec9. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, l\u1ef1c s\u1ebd t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean r\u0103ng d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng s\u1ebd t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean r\u0103ng tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng qua kh\u00ed c\u1ee5.<\/li>\n
  • V\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ebd l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee5n l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng h\u00f5m kh\u1edbp th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan x\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ec1n h\u00e0m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 activator. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea9y h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tranh lu\u1eadn. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1ea3y kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn hai th\u00ec (dual bite) sau khi ng\u01b0ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee5. Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn hai th\u00ec, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed3ng m\u00fai t\u1ed1i \u0111a. \u1ede b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn hai th\u00ec, kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn g\u00e0i t\u1ed1i \u0111a khi h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 \u0103n nhai, nu\u1ed1t… h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f9i ra sau, c\u00e1c r\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng g\u00e0i kh\u1edbp v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1edbp th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 activator c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 l\u00f9i h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c \u1edf nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

    Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 activator nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y g\u1ed3m n\u1ec1n nh\u1ef1a h\u00e0m tr\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u1ed1i nhau \u1edf v\u00f9ng kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn, c\u00f3 cung m\u00f4i \u1edf v\u00f9ng r\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0m tr\u00ean. Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 n\u1eb1m l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo trong mi\u1ec7ng nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m, r\u0103ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1. Sau n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ec1n h\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 g\u1ecdn h\u01a1n, \u00edt c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 g\u1eafn th\u00eam m\u00f3c, l\u00f2 xo, \u1ed1c n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cung m\u00f4i kh\u00e1c nhau… \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng h\u00e0m ho\u1eb7c di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c r\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u00f3m kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 hai<\/strong><\/p>\n

    G\u1ed3m t\u1ea5m ch\u1eb7n m\u00f4i (oral screen) (H\u00ecnh 2), lip bumper (H\u00ecnh 3), m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng nghi\u00eang…<\/p>\n

    \"\"
    H\u00ecnh 2: T\u1ea5m ch\u1eb7n m\u00f4i<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \"khi-cu-thao-lap-3\"
    H\u00ecnh 3: Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 lip bumper (A) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a, (B) Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf \u1ed1ng m\u00e1 (C) Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 lip bumper c\u00f3 \u1ed1ng nh\u1ef1a bao ph\u1ee7.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Khi mang kh\u00ed c\u1ee5, l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o r\u0103ng. Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n nh\u1ef1a n\u00e2ng cao kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y. Nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n th\u00f3i quen nh\u01b0 kh\u00ed cu ch\u1eb7n l\u01b0\u1ee1i…<\/p>\n

    T\u1ea5m ch\u1eb7n m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ea5m ch\u1eb7n m\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p trong nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 n\u1eb1m kh\u00edt s\u00e1t v\u00f9ng h\u00e0nh lang mi\u1ec7ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 m\u1ed7i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m di chuy\u1ec3n r\u0103ng. T\u1ea5m ch\u1eb7n m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 mang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edt th\u1eddi gian v\u00ec c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec7ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ea5m ch\u1eb7n m\u1ed7i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb l\u00fac \u0103n nhai.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u00f3m kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 ba<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 Frankel. Nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean r\u0103ng v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u00e0 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 xung quanh, t\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c di chuy\u1ec3n r\u0103ng v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00f4ng qua l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean m\u00e0ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 b\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 trong nh\u00f3m th\u1ee9 hai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f3m th\u1ee9 ba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u1ee9 hai.<\/p>\n

    Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 Frankel th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 activator v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m ch\u1eb7n m\u00f4i. Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 nhai \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c l\u00ean r\u0103ng – x\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m ch\u1eb7n m\u00f4i m\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 quanh mi\u1ec7ng (H\u00ecnh 4).<\/p>\n

    \"khi-cu-chuc-nang-1\"
    H\u00ecnh 4: Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 Frankel I g\u1ed3m – a: loop r\u0103ng nanh, – b: m\u00f3c v\u00f2ng r\u0103ng nanh h\u00e0m tr\u00ean, c: cung kh\u1ea9u c\u00e1i – d: t\u1ef1a m\u1eb7t nhai tr\u00ean r\u0103ng c\u1ed1i l\u1edbn h\u00e0m tr\u00ean, – e: l\u00f2 xo t\u1ef1a tr\u00ean r\u0103ng c\u1eeda h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi, – f: t\u1ea5m c\u1ea3n m\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u2013 g: t\u1ea5m c\u1ea3n m\u00f4i.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 Frankel I \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb sai kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn h\u1ea1ng I v\u00e0 sai kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn h\u1ea1ng II chi 1, Frankel II \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb sai kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn h\u1ea1ng II chi 1 v\u00e0 chi 2, Frankel III \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb sai kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn h\u1ea1ng III v\u00e0 Frankel IV \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1eafn h\u1edf v\u00e0 h\u00f4 hai h\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

    Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Propulsor (Hotz, 1974) l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p activator v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea5m ch\u1eb7n m\u00f4i, th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n d\u00e2y kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o. Kinetor (Stockfisch, 1971) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 activator k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u00eam t\u1ea5m c\u1ea3n m\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y kim lo\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u1ed1c n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u00f2 xo t\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c di chuy\u1ec3n r\u0103ng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 Bimler (Bimler, 1949) l\u00e0 kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 activator m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y kim lo\u1ea1i, v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m c\u1ea3n m\u00f4i m\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u1ed1c n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng cung r\u0103ng. Bionator (Balter 1950) l\u00e0 kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 activator m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y cung kim lo\u1ea1i, v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m c\u1ea3n m\u00e1 (buccal screen) b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb t\u01b0 th\u1ebf h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi. Harvord activator (Harvord v\u00e0 Vagervik, 1971; Reed v\u00e0 Hathorn, 1978) t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 activator nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi t\u01b0 th\u1ebf h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ngh\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 v\u00e0 m\u00f4 m\u1ec1m quanh mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t, v\u00e0 b\u1ecf \u0111i nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ed5 r\u0103ng gi\u1eefa hai h\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

    Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o: S\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh r\u0103ng m\u1eb7t, kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp –\u00a0 B\u1ed9 m\u00f4n Ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh r\u0103ng m\u1eb7t, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y d\u01b0\u1ee3c TP H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u00e1o l\u1eafp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp nh\u01b0ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp di chuy\u1ec3n r\u0103ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp di chuy\u1ec3n r\u0103ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ngo\u00e0i m\u1eb7t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c n\u1ed9i sinh \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n r\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c x\u01b0\u01a1ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[28,33],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nKh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u00e1o l\u1eafp - T\u1ed5ng quan. - Vinmec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"C\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u00e1o l\u1eafp trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh r\u0103ng m\u1eb7t.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u00e1o l\u1eafp - 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