{"id":31769,"date":"2023-05-04T17:09:19","date_gmt":"2023-05-04T10:09:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=31769"},"modified":"2023-05-04T17:09:38","modified_gmt":"2023-05-04T10:09:38","slug":"tran-khi-mang-phoi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/05\/04\/tran-khi-mang-phoi\/","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i: ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00e1c B\u00e1c s\u0129<\/strong><strong>\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee5p X-quang, CT scanner v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt n\u1ed9i soi. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y t\u00ea \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt n\u1ed9i soi \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u00ed d\u01b0 th\u1eeba trong m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf 2012.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h1><strong>1. \u0110\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>Tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i (TKMP) l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n kh\u00ed trong khoang m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i. TKMP th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh TKMP t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t, TKMP t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t, TKMP do ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 TKMP do c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>2. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>2.1. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong><em>2.1.1. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110au ng\u1ef1c: th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t v\u00e0 \u1edf b\u00ean b\u1ecb tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u00f3 th\u1edf, th\u1edf nhanh n\u00f4ng khi ngh\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c khi g\u1eafng s\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ho khan.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; L\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c b\u00ean tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed c\u0103ng v\u1ed3ng k\u00e9m di \u0111\u1ed9ng, g\u00f5 vang, r\u00ec r\u00e0o ph\u1ebf nang gi\u1ea3m, rung thanh gi\u1ea3m. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed d\u01b0\u1edbi da: c\u1ed5 b\u1ea1nh, m\u1eaft h\u00edp, \u1ea5n da l\u1ea1o x\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>2.1.2. C\u1eadn l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; XQ ph\u1ed5i:<\/p>\n<p>+ Kho\u1ea3ng t\u0103ng s\u00e1ng, m\u1ea5t h\u00ecnh nhu m\u00f4 ph\u1ed5i (v\u00e2n ph\u1ed5i) gi\u1eefa th\u00e0nh ng\u1ef1c v\u00e0 nhu m\u00f4 ph\u1ed5i, h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n ng\u0103n gi\u1eefa nhu m\u00f4 ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>+ Khoang li\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn gi\u00e3n r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p>+ Trung th\u1ea5t b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y l\u1ec7ch sang b\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p TKMP \u00e1p l\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>2.2. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; K\u00e9n kh\u00ed ph\u1ed5i v\u1edbi TKMP khu tr\u00fa: k\u00e9n kh\u00ed xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, tr\u00ean phim X-quang: th\u00e0nh k\u00e9n kh\u00ed m\u1ecfng, g\u00f3c ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ng\u1ef1c l\u00e0 g\u00f3c nh\u1ecdn (TKMP khu tr\u00fa: g\u00f3c ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i l\u00e0 g\u00f3c t\u00f9). Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee5p c\u1eaft l\u1edbp vi t\u00ednh ng\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf nang n\u1eb7ng: b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n suy h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh, tr\u00ean phim ch\u1ee5p X-quang ph\u1ed5i th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5i 2 b\u00ean qu\u00e1 s\u00e1ng, tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y nhu m\u00f4 ph\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1t th\u00e0nh ng\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; N\u1ebfp da c\u01a1 \u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u1ef1c, b\u00f3ng v\u00fa \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>2.3. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; TKMP t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t: kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb, cao g\u1ea7y, h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; TKMP t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t sau m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i:<\/p>\n<p>+ BPTNMT, gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf nang, hen ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n. C\u1ea7n ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi TKMP khi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111ang \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n suy h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n<p>+ Nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n ph\u1ed5i: do t\u1ee5 c\u1ea7u v\u00e0ng, vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed do vi khu\u1ea9n Gram \u00e2m, vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i do Pneumocystis jiroveci, lao ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p>+ C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i m\u00f4 k\u1ebd nh\u01b0 x\u01a1 ph\u1ed5i m\u00f4 k\u1ebd lan to\u1ea3, b\u1ee5i ph\u1ed5i silic, b\u1ec7nh sacoit, b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ed7, nh\u1ed3i m\u00e1u ph\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng TKMP.<\/p>\n<p>+ B\u1ec7nh t\u1ef1 mi\u1ec5n: Vi\u00eam kh\u1edbp d\u1ea1ng th\u1ea5p, vi\u00eam da c\u01a1, x\u01a1 c\u1ee9ng b\u00ec.<\/p>\n<p>+ Ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n g\u00e2y di c\u0103n m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i l\u00e0m th\u1ee7ng m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i: hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i do ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng: v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1ef1c h\u1edf ho\u1eb7c g\u1eaby x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u01b0\u1eddn g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ed5i, d\u1eadp nhu m\u00f4 ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i do c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb: ch\u1ecdc d\u1ecbch m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i, sinh thi\u1ebft m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i, sinh thi\u1ebft ph\u1ed5i xuy\u00ean th\u00e0nh ng\u1ef1c hay soi ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1eb7t catheter t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00f2n, b\u00f3p b\u00f3ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c th\u1edf m\u00e1y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cao, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y (ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ed5i do \u00e1p l\u1ef1c).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_31772\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31772\" style=\"width: 3000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-31772 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/10.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"3000\" height=\"3000\" srcset=\"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/10.png 3000w, http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/10-300x300.png 300w, http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/10-1024x1024.png 1024w, http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/10-150x150.png 150w, http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/10-768x768.png 768w, http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/10-1536x1536.png 1536w, http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/10-2048x2048.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-31772\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Ngu\u1ed3n: Cureus<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><strong>3. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>3.1. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>H\u00fat h\u1ebft kh\u00ed khoang m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t<\/p>\n<h3><strong>3.2. H\u00fat h\u1ebft kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>*\u00a0<strong><em>Tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i \u00edt<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0(&lt; 15% th\u1ec3 t\u00edch b\u00ean tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed; chi\u1ec1u ngang c\u1ee7a d\u1ea3i kh\u00ed s\u00e1t m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i &lt; 2 cm): kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n h\u00fat d\u1eabn l\u01b0u, th\u1edf oxy 2-3 l\u00edt\/ph\u00fat trong 2-3 ng\u00e0y, sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee5p l\u1ea1i XQ ph\u1ed5i, n\u1ebfu \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ra vi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>* Ch\u1ecdc h\u00fat kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>+ Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n TKMP t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t &gt; 15% th\u1ec3 t\u00edch b\u00ean ph\u1ed5i tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed (chi\u1ec1u ngang c\u1ee7a d\u1ea3i kh\u00ed s\u00e1t m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i &gt; 2 cm). TKMP th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t sau c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt: ch\u1ecdc d\u1ecbch m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i, sinh thi\u1ebft m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i, sinh thi\u1ebft ph\u1ed5i xuy\u00ean th\u00e0nh ng\u1ef1c; l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed \u00edt &lt; 15% th\u1ec3 t\u00edch b\u00ean ph\u1ed5i tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>+ S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kim nh\u1ecf n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ba ch\u1ea1c v\u00e0 b\u01a1m ti\u00eam 50 ml. Sau khi h\u00fat h\u1ebft kh\u00ed th\u00ec r\u00fat kim. N\u1ebfu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 4 l\u00edt m\u00e0 kh\u00ed v\u1eabn ra \u0111\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kh\u00ed s\u1eafp h\u1ebft c\u1ea7n x\u00e9t ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edf m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i. Ho\u1eb7c:<\/p>\n<p>+ S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kim lu\u1ed3n (14-16G) n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n d\u1ecbch, ba ch\u1ea1c v\u00e0 b\u01a1m ti\u00eam 50 ml. Sau khi h\u00fat h\u1ebft kh\u00ed, k\u1eb9p d\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a ba ch\u1ea1c trong12 gi\u1edd, sau ch\u1ee5p l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t th\u00ec r\u00fat kim lu\u1ed3n. Ho\u1eb7c:<\/p>\n<p>+ \u0110\u1eb7t catheter c\u00f3 n\u00f2ng polyethylen v\u00e0o khoang m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>H\u00fat \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u00e2m 20 cm n\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ebft kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i, sau \u0111\u00f3 k\u1eb9p \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u 24 gi\u1edd.<\/li>\n<li>R\u00fat \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y TKMP t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t sau 24 gi\u1edd d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o: kh\u00e1m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee5p X-quang ph\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n<li>Sau k\u1eb9p \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n kh\u00f3 th\u1edf t\u0103ng v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed d\u01b0\u1edbi da, c\u1ea7n m\u1edf k\u1eb9p v\u00e0 h\u00fat kh\u00ed tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ngay.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><em>* M\u1edf m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i &#8211; \u0111\u1eb7t \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n<p>+ TKMP \u00e1p l\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng: nh\u1ecbp th\u1edf &gt; 30 l\u1ea7n\/ph\u00fat, nh\u1ecbp tim &gt; 120 l\u1ea7n\/ph\u00fat, huy\u1ebft \u00e1p t\u1ee5t. Trung th\u1ea5t b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y l\u1ec7ch v\u1ec1 b\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n, v\u00f2m ho\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p d\u1eb9t v\u00e0 th\u1eb3ng, c\u00f3 khi \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed d\u01b0\u1edbi da. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ecdc kim v\u00e0o khoang m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y kh\u00ed x\u00ec ra.<\/p>\n<p>+ T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p TKMP t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t (TKMP \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n BPTNMT, lao ph\u1ed5i, \u00e1p xe ph\u1ed5i).<\/p>\n<p>+ TKMP do ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<p>+ TKMP th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t sau th\u00f4ng kh\u00ed nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<p>+ TKMP t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb n\u00eau tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p>+ Tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed tr\u00e0n d\u1ecbch m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i (v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do tr\u00e0n m\u00e1u m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh:<\/p>\n<p>+ M\u1edf m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng 16-28F tu\u1ef3 t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p: 24-28F cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n TKMP c\u1ea7n th\u1edf m\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c TKMP k\u00e8m tr\u00e0n m\u00e1u m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p>+ N\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng van Heimlich ho\u1eb7c van n\u01b0\u1edbc trong 12-24 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nguy c\u01a1 ph\u00f9 ph\u1ed5i do ph\u1ed5i gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhanh n\u1ebfu TKMP \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u1eabn l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>+ H\u00fat \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u00e2m 20 cm n\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ebft kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i, sau \u0111\u00f3 k\u1eb9p \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u 24 gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n<p>+ R\u00fat \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y TKMP t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t sau 24 gi\u1edd: kh\u00e1m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee5p X-quang ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p>+ Sau k\u1eb9p \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n kh\u00f3 th\u1edf t\u0103ng v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed d\u01b0\u1edbi da, c\u1ea7n m\u1edf k\u1eb9p v\u00e0 h\u00fat kh\u00ed tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ngay.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: kh\u00ed ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ra sau 5 ng\u00e0y h\u00fat d\u1eabn l\u01b0u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>3.3. D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong><em>&#8211; Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>+ Tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb l\u1ea7n 2 tr\u1edf \u0111i.<\/p>\n<p>+ Tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t sau c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh: BPTNMT, lao ph\u1ed5i c\u0169, b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i m\u00f4 k\u1ebd.<\/p>\n<p>+ H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u00f3ng, k\u00e9n kh\u00ed tr\u00ean phim ch\u1ee5p X-quang, ho\u1eb7c CLVT.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>&#8211; B\u01a1m b\u1ed9t talc y t\u1ebf qua \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>+ Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh: b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n TKMP c\u00f3 suy h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u1ed9i soi m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i soi m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p>+ Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngay sau \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1eabn l\u01b0u m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p>+ Pha 10 gam b\u1ed9t talc y t\u1ebf v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi 50 ml natriclorua 0,9% v\u00e0 10 ml lidocain 2%, r\u1ed3i b\u01a1m qua \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p>+ D\u1eebng h\u00fat d\u1eabn l\u01b0u, thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0 th\u1ebf 15 ph\u00fat\/l\u1ea7n. H\u00fat d\u1eabn l\u01b0u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c sau b\u01a1m b\u1ed9t talc 2 gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n<p>+ L\u01b0u \u00fd: kh\u00f4ng k\u1eb9p \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n kh\u00f3 th\u1edf khi k\u1eb9p \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u00fat d\u1eabn l\u01b0u s\u1edbm n\u1ebfu b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u suy h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p sau k\u1eb9p \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u.<\/p>\n<p>+ T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5: b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111au nhi\u1ec1u (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00eam thu\u1ed1c gi\u1ea3m \u0111au tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau b\u01a1m b\u1ed9t talc), s\u1ed1t sau b\u01a1m b\u1ed9t talc.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>&#8211; B\u01a1m iodopovidon qua \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>+ Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh: t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 b\u01a1m b\u1ed9t talc qua \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u. N\u00ean ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u01a1m iodopovidone trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 suy h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<p>+ B\u01a1m dung d\u1ecbch pha 40 ml iodopovidon 10% v\u1edbi 60 ml natriclorua 0,9%.<\/p>\n<p>+ D\u1eebng h\u00fat d\u1eabn l\u01b0u, thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0 th\u1ebf 15 ph\u00fat\/l\u1ea7n. H\u00fat d\u1eabn l\u01b0u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c sau b\u01a1m iodopovidon 2 gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n<p>+ L\u01b0u \u00fd: sau b\u01a1m iodopovidon b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111au nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1t, tr\u00e0n d\u1ecbch m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e0n d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u). C\u1ea7n theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 h\u00fat h\u1ebft d\u1ecbch ngay khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o 2 l\u00e1 m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i d\u00ednh s\u00e1t nhau.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;\u00a0<strong><em>N\u1ed9i soi m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i can thi\u1ec7p:<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0N\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t can thi\u1ec7p s\u1edbm trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb sau 5 ng\u00e0y d\u1eabn l\u01b0u. Qua n\u1ed9i soi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh: g\u00e2y d\u00ednh m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i v\u1edbi b\u1ed9t talc d\u1ea1ng phun m\u00f9, ch\u00e0 s\u00e1t m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i; \u0111\u1ed1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u1eaft b\u1ecf b\u00f3ng kh\u00ed, th\u1eaft, k\u1eb9p ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e2u c\u00e1c b\u00f3ng kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>&#8211; M\u1edf l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>+ Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh: kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u1ed9i soi m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed9i soi m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>+ M\u1edf l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c b\u00f3ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 r\u00f2 ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n &#8211; m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p g\u00e2y d\u00ednh m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i v\u1edbi ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y vi\u00eam d\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u00e0 s\u00e1t m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>4. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3><strong>4.1. TKMP v\u00e0 tr\u00e0n d\u1ecbch (m\u00e1u, m\u1ee7&#8230;) m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; M\u1edf m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i h\u00fat d\u1eabn l\u01b0u k\u00edn.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ed9i soi can thi\u1ec7p khoang m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i s\u1edbm ho\u1eb7c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt sau khi th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u1edbi bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb n\u00eau tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>4.2. TKMP \u00e1p l\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; Ngay khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdc ngay m\u1ed9t kim th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0o khoang li\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn 2, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c khoang m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; M\u1edf m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i h\u00fat d\u1eabn l\u01b0u s\u1edbm.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>4.3. TKMP do c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&#8211; TKMP sau c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt: l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed \u00edt ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdc h\u00fat kim nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u khoang m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i. M\u1edf MP n\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed nhi\u1ec1u (&gt;15% th\u1ec3 t\u00edch b\u00ean ph\u1ed5i tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed) ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecdc h\u00fat kim nh\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; TKMP \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc BPTNMT do b\u00f3p b\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1edf m\u00e1y, c\u1ea7n m\u1edf m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng c\u1ee1 24-28F, sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u00fat d\u1eabn l\u01b0u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y d\u00ednh m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9t talc ho\u1eb7c iodopovidon qua \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn l\u01b0u. N\u1ed9i soi can thi\u1ec7p khi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/strong> H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf 2012<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00e1c B\u00e1c s\u0129\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee5p X-quang, CT scanner v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt n\u1ed9i soi. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb tr\u00e0n kh\u00ed m\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5i [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[20,33],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - 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