{"id":31060,"date":"2023-05-04T00:39:24","date_gmt":"2023-05-03T17:39:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=31060"},"modified":"2023-05-04T00:39:24","modified_gmt":"2023-05-03T17:39:24","slug":"probiotics-dinh-nghia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/05\/04\/probiotics-dinh-nghia\/","title":{"rendered":"Probiotics: \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 vi sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t. H\u1ec7 sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong duy tr\u00ec s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf sinh b\u1ec7nh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i \u1ed1ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a. Probiotics \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u1ec7 sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>1. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a probiotics<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00ean h\u1ec7 vi sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t, nh\u00ecn chung c\u00f3 4 c\u00e1ch: s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh (antibiotics); ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 prebiotics (l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c \u0103n gi\u00fap\u00a0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t), gh\u00e9p vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t (fecal microbial transplant) v\u00e0 probiotics. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 synbiotics.<\/p>\n<p>Probiotics \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho k\u00fd ch\u1ee7. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m probiotics \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n nay th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y t\u1eeb th\u1ee9c \u0103n, th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb s\u1eefa. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, probiotics ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1edfi b\u1edfi Lilly v\u00e0 Stillwell v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1965 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 &#8220;nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebft ra b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t vi sinh v\u1eadt k\u00edch th\u00edch (kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ng sinh) s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a probiotic sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh &#8220;m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9a vi sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t (b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c cho \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0) trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a k\u00fd ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a k\u00fd ch\u1ee7&#8221;.\u00a0 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5 gia th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c L\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Li\u00ean H\u1ee3p Qu\u1ed1c (FAO\/WHO) gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 probiotics &#8211; &#8220;vi sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a k\u00fd ch\u1ee7&#8221;. Hi\u1ec7n nay, Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Khoa h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 Probiotics v\u00e0 Prebiotics \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a FAO\/WHO v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 415px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/vinmec-prod.s3.amazonaws.com\/images\/20210128_013115_404519_Probiotics.max-1800x1800.jpg\" alt=\"Probiotics-la-cac-vi-sinh-vat-co-loi\" width=\"415\" height=\"264\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Probiotics \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Probiotics th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t, g\u00e2y n\u00ean c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y, \u0111\u1ea7y h\u01a1i, ch\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ee5ng, kh\u00f3 ti\u00eau. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u1ee7ng probiotics ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc cho th\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng probiotics trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0 l\u00e0: ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ng sinh, vi\u00eam \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng do Clostridioides difficile, ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng, b\u1ec7nh n\u00e3o gan, h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng ru\u1ed9t k\u00edch th\u00edch v\u00e0 d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7ng vi sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ean l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Lactobacillus sp<\/em>: tr\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n sinh acid lactid c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7\u00a0 vi sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t<\/li>\n<li><em>Bifidobacterium sp<\/em>: c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m vi khu\u1ea9n sinh lactid, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t.<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng <em>Escherichia coli<\/em> kh\u00f4ng sinh b\u1ec7nh: <em>E. coli<\/em> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 vi sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t.<\/li>\n<li><em>Saccharomyces boulardii<\/em>: l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m men c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c enzyme ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng vi\u00eam, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>2. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i Probiotics<\/h2>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Khoa h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 Probiotics v\u00e0 Prebiotics x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u00ea Probiotics c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia t\u1eeb FAO\/WHO, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0a ra 04 nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9 vi sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Probiotics s\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c kh\u00f3m vi sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng: nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng, d\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 yogurts. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe k\u00fd ch\u1ee7, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch probiotics.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m probiotics trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed5 sung kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe (health claim). Nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang &#8220;ch\u1ee9a probiotics&#8221;. Ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef &#8220;probiotic&#8221; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3\u00a0 l\u00ean s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe do \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m n\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m probiotics trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed5 sung c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh cung c\u1ea5p l\u1ee3i \u00edch s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0a ra tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c trong qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o. Nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u00e2u nh\u01b0 &#8220;h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ti\u00eau h\u00f3a&#8221; ho\u1eb7c &#8220;gi\u00fap h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh&#8221;. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m probiotics ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c gia n\u01a1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n.<\/li>\n<li>Probiotics d\u1ea1ng thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 khi probiotics \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m probiotic d\u1ea1ng thu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u00e1n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 vi sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t. H\u1ec7 sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong duy tr\u00ec s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf sinh b\u1ec7nh [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[5,33],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Probiotics: \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a - Vinmec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Probiotics \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u1ec7 sinh v\u1eadt\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Probiotics: \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a - 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