{"id":30518,"date":"2023-05-02T15:11:59","date_gmt":"2023-05-02T08:11:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=30518"},"modified":"2023-05-02T15:11:59","modified_gmt":"2023-05-02T08:11:59","slug":"trieu-chung-ung-thu-tinh-hoan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/05\/02\/trieu-chung-ung-thu-tinh-hoan\/","title":{"rendered":"Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0 hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p \u1edf nam gi\u1edbi, ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 1% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ung th\u01b0 \u1edf nam, tuy nhi\u00ean l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh l\u00ed \u00e1c t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nam gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft s\u1edbm c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>1. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n<\/h2>\n<p>Ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n (UTTH) l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o trong tinh ho\u00e0n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh kh\u1ed1i u. Tinh ho\u00e0n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trong h\u1ec7 sinh d\u1ee5c nam, n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m trong b\u00ecu. Tinh ho\u00e0n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 testosterone- hormone sinh d\u1ee5c \u1edf nam gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p>UTTH l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0 hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p \u1edf nam gi\u1edbi, ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 1% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ung th\u01b0 \u1edf nam, tuy nhi\u00ean l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh l\u00ed \u00e1c t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nam gi\u1edbi trong \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i 15 \u0111\u1ebfn 35. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong do UTTH kh\u00e1 th\u1ea5p, trong khi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t 5 n\u0103m l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 95%.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ec7nh chia th\u00e0nh 2 nh\u00f3m l\u1edbn: kh\u1ed1i u t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u1ea7m (95%) v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u1ea7m (5%). U t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u1ea7m chia ra 2 lo\u1ea1i: nh\u00f3m u tinh (seminoma) v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m u m\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o d\u00f2ng tinh (nonseminoma).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_30009\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-30009\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-30009\" src=\"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/20190828_093408_112508_ung_thu_tinh_hoan_n.max-1800x1800-1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"minh-hoa-ung-thu-tinh-hoan\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/20190828_093408_112508_ung_thu_tinh_hoan_n.max-1800x1800-1-300x169.jpg 300w, http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/20190828_093408_112508_ung_thu_tinh_hoan_n.max-1800x1800-1.jpg 660w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-30009\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh \u00e1c t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf nam gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>2. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c: Ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n \u1edf nam gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i, v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc cao nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb 15 \u0111\u1ebfn 35 tu\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n<li>Ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed gia \u0111\u00ecnh: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf cha ho\u1eb7c anh trai, c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh cao h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vinmec.com\/vi\/benh\/tinh-hoan-an-4588\/\">Tinh ho\u00e0n \u1ea9n (cryptorchidism)<\/a>: Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, tinh ho\u00e0n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ean trong \u1ed5 b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n xu\u1ed1ng b\u00ecu tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi sinh ho\u1eb7c trong v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd tinh ho\u00e0n \u1ea9n, m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 hai tinh ho\u00e0n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n b\u00ean trong \u1ed5 b\u1ee5ng. Do nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong \u1ed5 b\u1ee5ng cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong b\u1ecdc b\u00ecu n\u00ean tinh ho\u00e0n n\u1eb1m l\u1ea1i \u1ed5 b\u1ee5ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a, g\u00e2y <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vinmec.com\/vi\/benh\/vo-sinh-nam-3224\/\">v\u00f4 sinh<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c: Ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n \u1edf nam gi\u1edbi da tr\u1eafng so v\u1edbi nam gi\u1edbi thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li>Nhi\u1ec5m HIV: Nam gi\u1edbi nhi\u1ec5m HIV c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>3. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n<\/h2>\n<h3>3.1. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n u trong b\u00ecu ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y b\u00ecu to l\u00ean: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n. Kh\u1ed1i u th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 to ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ecf. Khi ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111au ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111au.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110au \u00e2m \u1ec9 v\u00f9ng b\u1eb9n b\u00ecu ho\u1eb7c v\u00f9ng b\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi<\/li>\n<li>B\u00ecu c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c n\u1eb7ng, t\u1ee5 d\u1ecbch g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu ho\u1eb7c \u0111au<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n h\u1ea1ch b\u1eb9n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3.2. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n di c\u0103n<\/h3>\n<p>T\u00f9y v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed di c\u0103n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i u di c\u0103n m\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110au l\u01b0ng<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f3 th\u1edf, ho ra m\u00e1u<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00f9 b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft chi d\u01b0\u1edbi<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, s\u1ee5t c\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u00fd<\/li>\n<li>V\u00fa to ho\u1eb7c \u0111au<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1eadn l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n<\/h2>\n<h3>4.1. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Si\u00eau \u00e2m: Si\u00eau \u00e2m l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng trong ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 si\u00eau \u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh kh\u1ed1i r\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00f4i h\u00f3a hay di c\u0103n \u1ed5 b\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tinh ho\u00e0n \u1ea9n.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ee5p CT, MRI, X-quang: Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong tinh ho\u00e0n m\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 di c\u0103n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi ng\u1edd l\u00e0 h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft, ph\u1ed5i, gan hay n\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>4.2. Sinh thi\u1ebft tinh ho\u00e0n<\/h3>\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p sinh thi\u1ebft th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u00e0m do c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n ung th\u01b0, reo r\u1eaft t\u1ebf b\u00e0o u. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ec7nh, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m sinh thi\u1ebft m\u1edf qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o b\u1eb9n mu, k\u1eb9p t\u1ea1m th\u1eebng tinh b\u1eb1ng panh b\u1ecdc cao su, b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 tinh ho\u00e0n ra ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t. N\u1ebfu nghi ng\u1edd ung th\u01b0 \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0o, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vinmec.com\/vi\/tin-tuc\/thong-tin-suc-khoe\/nao-la-sinh-thiet-lanh-sinh-thiet-tuc-thi\/\">c\u1eaft l\u1ea1nh<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00eam c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<h3>4.3. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec3m u<\/h3>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 protein trong m\u00e1u, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec3m u nh\u01b0 AFP (Alpha- Fetoprotein) v\u00e0 HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin). Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec3m u trong m\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1eafc ung th\u01b0, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p>T\u0103ng AFP ho\u1eb7c HCG c\u0169ng gi\u00fap b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i UTTH:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>U m\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o d\u00f2ng tinh (nonseminoma): t\u0103ng AFP k\u00e8m theo t\u0103ng\/ kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng HCG.<\/li>\n<li>U m\u1ea7m t\u1ebf b\u00e0o d\u00f2ng tinh (seminoma): t\u0103ng HCG nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u0103ng AFP.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, UTTH c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng enzyme LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase), tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec3m u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 LDH cao \u1edf trong m\u00e1u th\u01b0\u1eddng (nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n) ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 di c\u0103n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, LDH c\u0169ng t\u0103ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh l\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do ung th\u01b0.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0 hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p \u1edf nam gi\u1edbi, ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 1% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ung th\u01b0 \u1edf nam, tuy nhi\u00ean l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh l\u00ed \u00e1c t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nam gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft s\u1edbm c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":43,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6,33],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n - Vinmec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n u trong b\u00ecu ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y b\u00ecu to l\u00ean.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ung th\u01b0 tinh ho\u00e0n - 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