{"id":28999,"date":"2023-04-29T23:08:24","date_gmt":"2023-04-29T16:08:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=28999"},"modified":"2023-04-29T23:08:39","modified_gmt":"2023-04-29T16:08:39","slug":"cac-the-lam-sang-cua-benh-than-kinh-ngoai-bien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/04\/29\/cac-the-lam-sang-cua-benh-than-kinh-ngoai-bien\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u1ef1a theo ki\u1ec3u h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean ra th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m sau \u0111\u00e2y: b\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh, b\u1ec7nh \u0111a r\u1ec5 th\u1ea7n kinh (hay \u0111a r\u1ec5 d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh), b\u1ec7nh m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh, b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh, b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e1m r\u1ed1i th\u1ea7n kinh, b\u1ec7nh r\u1ec5 th\u1ea7n kinh, b\u1ec7nh n\u01a1ron (v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng hay c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c). C\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, gi\u00fap \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean d\u1ef1a theo ki\u1ec3u h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

1. B\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh \u0111a r\u1ec5 d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh<\/h2>\n

Nh\u00f3m b\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0111a r\u1ec5<\/a> d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean. Nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh (polyneuropathy) <\/em>l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh do thi\u1ebfu vitamin Bi, b\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh c\u1ee7a ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng lao hay thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng ph\u00e2n b\u00e0o, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh di truy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3u Charcot-Marie-Tooth. Nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh \u0111a r\u1ec5 d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh (polyradiculoneuropathy) <\/em>l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Guillain-Barr\u00e9 v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh \u0111a r\u1ec5 d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh m\u1ea5t myelin m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh (chronic demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy) m\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ec7nh sinh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. Do c\u00f3 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3 \u1edf r\u1ec5 th\u1ea7n kinh n\u00ean ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh \u0111a r\u1ec5 d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u00eam b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ecbch n\u00e3o t\u1ee7y d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e2n ly \u0111\u1ea1m-t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

2. B\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng ng\u1ecdn chi<\/h2>\n

Thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ng\u1ecdn chi l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 hay g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t trong b\u1ec7nh\u00a0\u00a0 \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 teo c\u01a1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf\u00a0c\u00e1c <\/em>ng\u1ecdn chi, sau \u0111\u1ed1 lan d\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda g\u1ed1c chi. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u0169ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 r\u00f5 n\u00e9t nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ng\u1ecdn chi, n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m gi\u1ea5c hay gi\u1ea3m c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c theo ki\u1ec3u \u0111i g\u0103ng \u0111i t\u1ea5. Khi b\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n l\u00e2u, v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3m hay m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u00eam \u1edf v\u00f9ng da c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1eefa c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd lan d\u1ea7n sang hai b\u00ean. Trong c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7n kinh c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c (sensory neuropathy), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c to\u00e0n th\u00e2n, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb v\u00f9ng da d\u1ecdc d\u00e0i theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1eefa \u1edf l\u01b0ng v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng da ngo\u1ea1i vi \u1edf tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u00fang m\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 g\u00e2n c\u01a1 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, m\u1ea5t \u1edf g\u00f3t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ea5t \u1edf g\u1ed1i, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf hai chi d\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc hai chi tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 ng\u1ecdn chi b\u1ecb n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n g\u1ed1c chi c\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i . c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i th\u1ea7n k\u00ecnh, s\u1ee3i c\u00e0ng d\u00e0i c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb s\u1edbm h\u01a1n v\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n. Trong b\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh s\u1ee3i tr\u1ee5c, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cch\u1ebft tr\u1edf lui \u201d (dying back phenomenon) b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u ngo\u1ea1i vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i th\u1ea7n kinh, do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i tr\u1ee5c c\u00e0ng d\u00e0i th\u00ec c\u00e0ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean m\u1ea5t myelin, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea5t myelin t\u1eebng \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i th\u1ea7n kinh, do \u0111\u1ed1 c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i c\u00e0ng d\u00e0i th\u00ec c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

3. B\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng g\u1ed1c chi<\/h2>\n

Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh \u0111\u1ed1i x\u00fang, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y tri\u1ec7u ch\u00fang n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt \u1edf g\u1ed1c chi h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u1edf ng\u1ecdn chi (vi d\u1ee5: h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Guillain-Barr\u00e9, b\u1ec7nh porphyri c\u1ea5p t\u1eebng h\u1ed3i, b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam \u0111a r\u1ec5 d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh m\u1ea5t myelin m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh, b\u1ec7nh neuron v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ed1c chi di truy\u1ec1n).<\/p>\n

M\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng g\u1ed1c chi l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y trong b\u1ec7nh porphyri c\u1ea5p t\u00f9ng h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh Tangier.<\/p>\n

4. B\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n l\u00e0nh v\u1edbi tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng tr\u1ed9i \u1edf chi tr\u00ean<\/h2>\n

Trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf hai chi d\u01b0\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t s\u1ebf \u00edt tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh d\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u th\u1ea7n kinh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf hai chi tr\u00ean nh\u01b0 \u1edf c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh sau \u0111\u00e2y: h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Guillain-Ba\u01b0\u00e9, b\u1ec7nh potphyri c\u1ea5p t\u1eebng h\u1ed3i, b\u1ec7nh neuron v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng di truy\u1ec1n, b\u1ec7nh Charcot-Marie-Tooth. B\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c do thi\u1ebfu vitamin B1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u1edf hai b\u00e0n tay.<\/p>\n

5. B\u1ec7nh m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh<\/h2>\n

Trong nh\u00f3m b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9 khu tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh (mononeuropathy). Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e8n \u00e9p, v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea1m vi chi ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh d\u00f3. \u0110\u01a1n c\u1eed v\u00e0i v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng \u201cli\u1ec7t \u0111\u00eam th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y\u201d (Saturday night palsy) do d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh quay b\u1ecb ch\u00e8n \u00e9p trong gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 say v\u00f9i, li\u1ec7t d\u00e2y tr\u1ee5 do d\u00e2y b\u1ecb ch\u00e8n \u00e9p trong \u1ed1ng tr\u1ee5, v\u00e0 li\u1ec7t d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh gi\u1eefa trong h\u1ed9i ch\u00fang \u1ed1ng c\u1ed5 tay.<\/p>\n

6. B\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n k\u1ec9nh<\/h2>\n

B\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec1u\u00a0\u00a0 d\u00e2y\u00a0\u00a0 th\u1ea7n kinh\u00a0\u00a0 (mononeuropathy multiplex), c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0\u00a0\u00a0 b\u1ec7nh\u00a0 d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh nhi\u1ec1u \u1ed5 (multifocal neuropathy), l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u \u1ed5 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eb7ng nh\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea5p hay, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 n\u0103m. Bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i\u00a0 x\u1ee9ng, \u00cdt ra l\u00e0 l\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u1ec1\u00a0<\/strong>sau c\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan to\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng, g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh. C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh trong \u0111\u00e1i th\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh trong b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd vi\u00eam m\u1ea1ch, b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh phong.<\/p>\n

7. B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e1m r\u1ed1i th\u1ea7n kinh<\/h2>\n

B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e1m r\u1ed1i th\u1ea7n kinh (plexopathy) l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m r\u1ed1i c\u00e1nh tay v\u00e0 th\u1eaft l\u01b0ng-c\u00f9ng m\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00e8n \u00e9p hay x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a u, ch\u00e8n \u00e9p c\u1ee7a t\u00fai ph\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch, b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n. Trong t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1m r\u1ed1i, th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng khu tr\u00fa ch\u1ec9 \u1edf m\u1ed9t chi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u h\u00ecnh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn. Th\u0103m kh\u00e1m k\u1ef9 tr\u00ean l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea1m vi chi ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1m r\u1ed1i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u01a1 kim s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u00edch cho nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

8. B\u1ec7nh r\u1ec5 th\u1ea7n kinh<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh r\u1ec5 th\u1ea7n kinh (radiculopathy) th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00e8n \u00e9p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9t s\u1ed1ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t hay nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ec5 (tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 c\u1ed9t s\u1ed1ng, tho\u00e1t v\u1ecb \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u1ec7m, lao c\u1ed9t s\u1ed1ng, ung th\u01b0) nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m m\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh zona. B\u1ec7nh r\u1ec5 d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u00fang c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1t v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u00fang y\u1ebfu li\u1ec7t c\u01a1 \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a r\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

9. B\u1ec7nh neuron c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/h2>\n

Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c neuron c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1ch gai v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay l\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh neuron c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c (sensory neuronopathy) c\u1eadn ung th\u01b0.<\/p>\n

10. B\u1ec7nh neuron v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n

B\u1ec7nh neuron v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng (motor neuronopathy) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 khu tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i neuron v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ee7y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh neuron v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh neuron v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng di truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh teo c\u01a1 t\u1ee7y (spinal muscular atrophy).<\/p>\n

11. B\u1ec7nh d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/h2>\n

H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Davidenkow, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng-c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c di truy\u1ec1n, cho b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea3nh li\u1ec7t ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean \u1edf g\u1ed1c chi tr\u00ean v\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn chi d\u01b0\u1edbi, k\u00e8m theo c\u00f3 m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ng\u1ecdn t\u1ee9 chi. Y\u1ebfu li\u1ec7t ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean \u1edf m\u1eb7t, \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c chi l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh neuron h\u00e0nh n\u00e3o-t\u1ee7y gai di truy\u1ec1n theo nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eafc th\u1ec3 X.<\/p>\n

B\u1ec7nh phong c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ng\u1ecdn chi, \u1edf g\u00f2 m\u00e1, \u0111\u1ec9nh m\u0169i v\u00e0 v\u00e0nh tai.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o: Th\u1ea7n kinh h\u1ecdc – \u0110H Y TP H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u1ef1a theo ki\u1ec3u h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean ra th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m sau \u0111\u00e2y: b\u1ec7nh \u0111a d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh, b\u1ec7nh \u0111a r\u1ec5 th\u1ea7n kinh (hay \u0111a r\u1ec5 d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh), b\u1ec7nh m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh, b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec1u […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[10,33],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nC\u00e1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean - Vinmec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"D\u1ef1a theo ki\u1ec3u h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean ra th\u00e0nh ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean - 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