{"id":26874,"date":"2023-05-02T18:14:59","date_gmt":"2023-05-02T11:14:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=26874"},"modified":"2023-05-02T18:23:48","modified_gmt":"2023-05-02T11:23:48","slug":"man-kinh-o-phu-nu-dieu-tri-va-du-phong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/05\/02\/man-kinh-o-phu-nu-dieu-tri-va-du-phong\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e3n kinh \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef: \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u00e3n kinh l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a chu k\u1ef3 sinh s\u1ea3n \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e3n kinh x\u1ea3y ra khi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i trung b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb 45 \u0111\u1ebfn 55 tu\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra s\u1edbm h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u00e3n kinh x\u1ea3y ra khi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hormone n\u1eef (estrogen v\u00e0 progesterone) gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac, khi\u1ebfn cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n.<\/strong> D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ti\u1ec1n m\u00e3n kinh v\u00e0 m\u00e3n kinh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/b><\/p>\n

1. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u00e3n kinh \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u00e3n kinh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb y t\u1ebf b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u00e3n kinh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh l\u00fd t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i tr\u00ean 45. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u00e3n kinh ch\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

1.<\/strong>1.\u00a0 V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e2m l\u00fd: <\/strong><\/h3>\n
    \n
  • Cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e3n kinh, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1 lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n
  • H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, t\u00e2m l\u00fd th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt nh\u1eefng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3n kinh.<\/li>\n
  • C\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u1edf tu\u1ed5i m\u00e3n kinh, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u1eadp trung h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea7m so\u00e1t s\u1edbm c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 nh\u01b0 ung th\u01b0 c\u1ed5 t\u1eed cung, ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa,\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    1.<\/strong>2.\u00a0 V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: <\/strong><\/h3>\n

    \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh tim m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh lo\u00e3ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

    1.<\/strong>3.\u00a0 Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft thay th\u1ebf (Hormone Replacement Treatment \u2013 HRT): <\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ed5 sung m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng estrogen v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 qua nhi\u1ec1u con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau (vi\u00ean u\u1ed1ng, mi\u1ebfng d\u00e1n, kem b\u00f4i…) nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng m\u00e3n kinh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd b\u1edfi n\u1ebfu c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 th\u1eeba estrogen s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc nhi\u1ec1u c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh nguy hi\u1ec3m, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ung th\u01b0.<\/p>\n

    Estrogen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c s\u1ebd k\u00edch th\u00edch n\u1ed9i m\u1ea1c t\u1eed cung, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n n\u1ed9i m\u1ea1c t\u1eed cung ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 ung th\u01b0 th\u00e2n t\u1eed cung. Do \u0111\u00f3, trong li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf hormone, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng estrogen k\u00e8m theo v\u1edbi progesteron \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

    H\u1ed9i m\u00e3n kinh B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 (North American Menopause Society \u2013 NAMS) ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u mang t\u00ean KEEPS t\u1eeb 2007 \u0111\u1ebfn 2011 tr\u00ean 727 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i 42-59. Sau nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u NAMS n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: HRT l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u01a1 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e3n kinh, trong \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i 50-59 v\u00e0 m\u1edbi m\u00e3n kinh d\u01b0\u1edbi 10 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

      \n
    • L\u1ee3i \u00edch: <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      – \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u01a1 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e3n kinh<\/p>\n

      – \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tim m\u1ea1ch: HRT c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ec7nh tim m\u1ea1ch, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1i th\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tr\u00ean bi\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tim m\u1ea1ch. Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i m\u00e3n kinh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf IMS(International menopause society) kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u HRT tr\u00ean ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 60 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 HRT c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

      – \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e3ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng: HRT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng lo\u00e3ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef m\u00e3n kinh d\u01b0\u1edbi 60 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 g\u00e3y x\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

      \"Bi\u1ec3u
      Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 1: \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p E\/D (Estrogen\/Dydrogesterone) c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 tim m\u1ea1ch. (Ngu\u1ed3n: Schneider C et al.(2009) Climacteric).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

      – Gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sa s\u00fat tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 (b\u1ec7nh Alzheimer)<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Nguy c\u01a1: <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        – Ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa: vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HRT ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do Progestogen v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u mang t\u00ean WHI (Womens health initiative) n\u0103m 2002 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng estrogen\/progestin ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa sau 5 n\u0103m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

        – Ung th\u01b0 n\u1ed9i m\u1ea1c t\u1eed cung: Estrogen l\u00e0m qu\u00e1 s\u1ea3n n\u1ed9i m\u1ea1c t\u1eed cung.<\/p>\n

        – B\u1ec7nh huy\u1ebft kh\u1ed1i: HRT c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ed9i m\u00f4 m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u.<\/p>\n

        Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n theo quy tr\u00ecnh d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cs\u1ef1 ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u thu h\u1ed3i\u201d, th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i ba ng\u00e0y, v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e1u c\u00f3 m\u00e0u nh\u1ea1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt h\u01a1n kinh nguy\u1ec7t b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Gi\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t \u0111i khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

        \"Bi\u1ec3u<\/p>\n

        2. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p: <\/strong><\/h2>\n
          \n
        • Th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/li>\n
        • Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p Estrogen\/Progestogen n\u1ebfu c\u00f2n t\u1eed cung.<\/li>\n
        • \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi sinh l\u00fd, Estrogen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          3. Ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft: <\/strong><\/h2>\n

          (Theo ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee5 khoa \u2013 BV T\u1eeb D\u0169 2015, tr208)<\/p>\n

            \n
          • C\u00f3 ung th\u01b0 hay nghi ng\u1edd ung th\u01b0.<\/li>\n
          • C\u00f3 thai hay nghi ng\u1edd c\u00f3 thai.<\/li>\n
          • C\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft.<\/li>\n
          • \u0110\u00e3 b\u1ecb vi\u00eam t\u1eafc t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch hay \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n
          • \u0110ang b\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HRT th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1edbm, cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef d\u01b0\u1edbi 60 tu\u1ed5i, m\u00e3n kinh d\u01b0\u1edbi 10 n\u0103m v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i \u00edch nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n r\u1ea5t \u00edt. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HRT c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tu\u1ed5i m\u00e3n kinh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p E\/D l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng m\u00e3n kinh.<\/p>\n

            4. D\u1ef0 PH\u00d2NG<\/strong><\/h2>\n

            4.<\/strong>1. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ec1n m\u00e3n kinh:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

            Vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ti\u1ec1n m\u00e3n kinh n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u01b0\u1edbc sang tu\u1ed5i 35, khi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh sang th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 m\u1edbi gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ti\u1ec1n m\u00e3n kinh.<\/p>\n

            B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ti\u1ec1n m\u00e3n kinh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t, n\u00ean \u0103n c\u01a1m g\u1ea1o tr\u1eafng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 xen l\u1eabn g\u1ea1o l\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung nhi\u1ec1u vitamin nh\u00f3m B; B\u1ed5 sung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng calci c\u00f3 trong b\u01a1 s\u1eefa, s\u1eefa chua gi\u00fap l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh kh\u00ed, \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng magne c\u00f3 trong tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y, rau qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi qua \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng serotonin gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m stress. N\u00ean \u0103n d\u01b0a h\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1o b\u00f3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.Tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1i, d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9c \u0103n gi\u00e0u kali nh\u01b0 cam, qu\u00fdt, chu\u1ed1i, tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch nh\u01b0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u, bia, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1.<\/p>\n

            B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 thao th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 d\u1ebbo dai c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 gi\u00fap m\u00e1u tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u1eafp c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p s\u1ebd gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec v\u00f3c d\u00e1ng g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng, gi\u00fap tinh th\u1ea7n minh m\u1eabn, l\u1ea1c quan\u2026<\/p>\n

            4.2. D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sau khi m\u00e3n kinh:<\/strong><\/h3>\n
              \n
            • Lo\u00e3ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Theo m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef sau m\u00e3n kinh c\u0169ng s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m cho t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng lo\u00e3ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng (v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c sau m\u00e3n kinh) tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n v\u00ec ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0103n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n gi\u00e0u canxi, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n v\u1edbi t\u1ea1 v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 mu\u1ed1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng canxi trong x\u01b0\u01a1ng (nh\u01b0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u bia, soda, cafe).<\/p>\n

                \n
              • \u0110\u00e1i th\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0a ra khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb r\u1eb1ng: n\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed7i 3 n\u0103m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb khi b\u01b0\u1edbc sang tu\u1ed5i 45. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00fang n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb th\u1eeba c\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • B\u1ec7nh tim m\u1ea1ch <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u00f3i quen t\u1ed1t cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 cai thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, \u0103n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n nhi\u1ec1u rau qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 thao 30 ph\u00fat\/ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh tim m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • Ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef 30 tu\u1ed5i, nguy c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd m\u1eafc ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa trong v\u00f2ng 10 n\u0103m t\u1edbi l\u00e0 1\/227. Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i 60, nguy c\u01a1 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean l\u00e0 1\/28.<\/p>\n

                    Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy c\u01a1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u0103ng c\u00e2n sau m\u00e3n kinh. Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Ung th\u01b0 Hoa K\u1ef3 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb n\u00ean luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 thao v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i trong v\u00f2ng 150 ph\u00fat m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0 kh\u00e1c <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p hormone kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

                      Duy tr\u00ec c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh theo Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. T\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 30 ph\u00fat m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u bia, tr\u00e1nh ra kh\u00f3i thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1.<\/p>\n

                      \u0102n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e0u folat nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eadu, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i rau xanh \u0111\u1eadm,…<\/p>\n

                      B\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 vitamin D: t\u1eafm n\u1eafng bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 10-15 ph\u00fat m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y n\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 da th\u00ec n\u00ean b\u1ed5 sung vitamin D th\u00f4ng qua th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c. Theo khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef t\u1eeb 51-70 tu\u1ed5i n\u00ean b\u1ed5 sung 400UI vitamin D m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, v\u00e0 600UI sau tu\u1ed5i 71.\u0102n nhi\u1ec1u rau c\u1ee7 qu\u1ea3, b\u1ed5 sung Calci h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y t\u1eeb 1200mg sau tu\u1ed5i 50.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec3u ti\u1ec7n <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ti\u1ec3u ti\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7: luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp b\u00e0i t\u1eadp Kegel, u\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111i v\u1ec7 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau khi quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        • C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 gan <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          Theo c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, estrogen c\u0169ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 gan do v\u1eady ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u0169ng s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 m\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 gan do r\u01b0\u1ee3u, vi\u00eam gan do r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong v\u00ec x\u01a1 gan h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

                          \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef sinh trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb 1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 1965, th\u00ec Trung t\u00e2m Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh Hoa K\u1ef3 khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng, n\u00ean \u0111i ki\u1ec3m tra vi\u00eam gan C v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i virus c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn gan.<\/p>\n

                          Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0: c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 r\u0103ng mi\u1ec7ng, c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7\u2026<\/p>\n

                          Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/p>\n

                            \n
                          • Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n m\u00e3n kinh \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef – Vinmec.com<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                            M\u00e3n kinh l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a chu k\u1ef3 sinh s\u1ea3n \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e3n kinh x\u1ea3y ra khi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i trung b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb 45 \u0111\u1ebfn 55 tu\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra s\u1edbm h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u00e3n kinh x\u1ea3y ra khi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[13,33],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nM\u00e3n kinh \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef: \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng - Vinmec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"M\u00e3n kinh l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a chu k\u1ef3 sinh s\u1ea3n \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. 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