{"id":26283,"date":"2023-04-22T21:16:53","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T14:16:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=26283"},"modified":"2023-04-22T21:16:53","modified_gmt":"2023-04-22T14:16:53","slug":"bai-nao-dai-cuong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/04\/22\/bai-nao-dai-cuong\/","title":{"rendered":"Ba\u0323i na\u0303o – \u0110a\u0323i C\u01b0\u01a1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ba\u0323i na\u0303o<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t \u1edf tr\u1ebb em, xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh nguy\u00ean kh\u00e1c nhau, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. S\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1i n\u00e3o<\/a> th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t\/li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n

Ba\u0300i vi\u00ea\u0301t sau se\u0303 cung c\u00e2\u0301p th\u00f4ng tin v\u00ea\u0300 \u0111i\u0323nh nghi\u0303a cu\u0309a ba\u0323i na\u0303o, m\u00f4 ta\u0309 ba\u0323i na\u0303o va\u0300 ca\u0301c ti\u0300nh tra\u0323ng s\u01b0\u0301c kho\u0309e ph\u00f4\u0301i h\u01a1\u0323p \u01a1\u0309 tre\u0309 bi\u0323 ba\u0323i na\u0303o d\u01b0\u0323a tr\u00ean Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 5623 \/Q\u0110-BYT ng\u00e0y 21\/9\/2018 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Y t\u00ea\u0301.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

1. Ba\u0323i na\u0303o la\u0300 gi\u0300?<\/h2>\n

B\u1ea1i n\u00e3o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chung m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u201cm\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0 th\u1ebf, g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng do nh\u1eefng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n x\u1ea3y ra trong n\u00e3o b\u00e0o thai ho\u1eb7c n\u00e3o \u1edf tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1i n\u00e3o th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e8m theo nh\u1eefng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c, nh\u1eadn c\u1ea3m, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi, \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t.\u201d (Rosenbaum v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2007).<\/p>\n

T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1edbi m\u1eafc b\u1ea1i n\u00e3o \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0 1,4-2,1 tr\u00ean 1.000 tr\u1ebb sinh ra s\u1ed1ng (ACPR, 2016, Sellier v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, n\u0103m 2015). T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1edbi m\u1eafc b\u1ea1i n\u00e3o \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1ed5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ea1i n\u00e3o qu\u1ed1c gia. Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t s\u1ed5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd qu\u1ed1c gia s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n m\u1eafc v\u00e0 m\u1edbi m\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

2. M\u00f4 ta\u0309 ba\u0323i na\u0303o<\/h2>\n

Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1i n\u00e3o. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1 co c\u1ee9ng, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c c\u01a1, lo\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c, m\u00faa v\u1eddn\/m\u00faa gi\u1eadt- m\u00faa v\u1eddn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf c\u00e1c H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn PHCN d\u00e0nh cho V\u1eadt l\u00fd tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

2.1. Th\u1ec3 V\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed7i th\u1ec3 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng li\u00ean quan\u00a0 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng n\u00e3o b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

2.1.1. Th\u1ec3 Co c\u1ee9ng<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Co c\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c c\u1ea3n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 k\u00e9o c\u0103ng c\u01a1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9. Co c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c trong c\u00e1c c\u01a1 khi tr\u1ebb c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng di chuy\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c. Co c\u1ee9ng \u1edf tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i tu\u1ef3 theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111au (Sander, Delgado v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2003).<\/p>\n

2.1.2. Th\u1ec3 Lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9ng\/T\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9ng\/t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 hai. B\u1ea1i n\u00e3o th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9ng\/t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau bao g\u1ed3m lo\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c, m\u00faa v\u1eddn v\u00e0 m\u00faa gi\u1eadt (Sanger, Chen v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2010).<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Lo\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c <\/strong>\u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c co c\u01a1 ng\u1eaft qu\u00e3ng ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i g\u00e2y c\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng xo\u1eafn v\u1eb7n ho\u1eb7c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i<\/li>\n
  • M\u00faa v\u1eddn <\/strong>\u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eb7n v\u1eb9o v\u00e0 ch\u1eadm, kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf tr\u1ebb gi\u1eef v\u1eefng m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01a1n tru li\u00ean t\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u00faa v\u1eddn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng tuy nhi\u00ean m\u00faa v\u1eddn c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u00fac ngh\u1ec9. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t m\u00faa v\u1eddn v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c \u1edf ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u01b0 th\u1ebf k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u00faa gi\u1eadt \u1edf ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (Sanger v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2010, trang 1543).<\/li>\n
  • M\u00faa gi\u1eadt <\/strong>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u00fd ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea3nh v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. M\u00faa gi\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c \u1edf b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 th\u1ebf r\u1eadp khu\u00f4n, d\u1ec5 \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00faa gi\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nhanh h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ee9ng m\u00faa gi\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n khi v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, ho\u1eb7c c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, c\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ch\u1ee7 \u00fd v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian nh\u01b0 \u1edf lo\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c (Sanger v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2010, trang 1542). Tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb ch\u1ee9ng m\u00faa gi\u1eadt bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u1ed3n ch\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    M\u00faa v\u1eddn v\u00e0 m\u00faa gi\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n \u1edf b\u1ea1i n\u00e3o v\u00e0 khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00faa gi\u1eadt- v\u1eddn<\/p>\n

    2.1.3. Th\u1ec3 Th\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u<\/strong><\/h4>\n

    Th\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng run r\u1ea9y v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1i n\u00e3o \u00edt g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

    2.1.4. C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p<\/strong><\/h4>\n

    L\u00e0 b\u1ea1i n\u00e3o bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 co c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

    2.2. Theo \u0110\u1ecbnh khu<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    \u0110\u1ecbnh khu \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 nh\u1eefng khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. C\u00e1c khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean (ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3) ho\u1eb7c hai b\u00ean (\u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3).<\/p>\n

    2.2.1. B\u1ea1i n\u00e3o m\u1ed9t b\u00ean<\/strong><\/h4>\n
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    • Li\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t chi <\/strong>– \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t chi th\u1ec3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 tay ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e2n \u1edf b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n
    • Li\u1ec7t n\u1eeda ng\u01b0\u1eddi <\/strong>– \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda b\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean tr\u00e1i. Tay v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      2.2.2. B\u1ea1i n\u00e3o hai b\u00ean<\/h4>\n
        \n
      • Li\u1ec7t hai chi <\/strong>– c\u1ea3 hai ch\u00e2n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh. Tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb li\u1ec7t hai chi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft \u1edf ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng chi tr\u00ean.<\/li>\n
      • Li\u1ec7t ba chi <\/strong>– \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ba chi th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn chi th\u1ee9 t\u01b0.<\/li>\n
      • Li\u1ec7t t\u1ee9 chi <\/strong>– t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n chi \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00e8m theo \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u1ed5, v\u00e0 th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \"Ba\u0323i
        Ba\u0323i na\u0303o
        H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh t\u1eeb \u00e1p ph\u00edch Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb B\u1ea1i n\u00e3o (www.worldcpday.org) Trong h\u00ecnh: Li\u1ec7t n\u1eeda ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb li\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t chi; li\u1ec7t t\u1ee9 chi bao g\u1ed3m tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb li\u1ec7t ba chi)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        2.3. Theo M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eb7ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n

        B\u1ea1i n\u00e3o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t tr\u1ebb b\u1ea1i n\u00e3o di chuy\u1ec3n (GMFCS), c\u00e1ch tr\u1ebb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tay trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y (MACS), c\u00e1ch tr\u1ebb giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n quen v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e2n quen (CFCS) v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ebb \u0103n u\u1ed1ng an to\u00e0n (EDACS). Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eb7ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft \u1edf ph\u1ea7n sau.<\/p>\n

        3. C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u01a1\u0301i ba\u0323i na\u0303o<\/h2>\n

        C\u00e1c khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1i n\u00e3o h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t (Rosenbaum, v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2007). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ebb, nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t n\u00e0y g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt h\u01a1n khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

          \n
        • 3\/4 s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb \u0111au m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh<\/li>\n
        • 1\/2 s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/li>\n
        • 1\/3 s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/li>\n
        • 1\/3 s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd b\u1ecb di l\u1ec7ch kh\u1edbp h\u00e1ng<\/li>\n
        • 1\/4 s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/li>\n
        • 1\/4 s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh<\/li>\n
        • 1\/4 s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd c\u00f3 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n h\u00e0nh vi<\/li>\n
        • 1\/4 s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ti\u1ec3u kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7<\/li>\n
        • 1\/5 s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7<\/li>\n
        • 1\/10 s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd c\u00f3 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c<\/li>\n
        • 1\/15 s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec7ng<\/li>\n
        • 1\/25 s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb s\u1ebd c\u00f3 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u00ednh gi\u00e1c (Novak et al., 2012)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Ba\u0323i na\u0303o\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t \u1edf tr\u1ebb em, xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh nguy\u00ean kh\u00e1c nhau, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. S\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1i n\u00e3o th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":42,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[10,33],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nBa\u0323i na\u0303o - \u0110a\u0323i C\u01b0\u01a1ng - Vinmec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ba\u0323i na\u0303o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t \u1edf tr\u1ebb em, co\u0301 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ba\u0323i na\u0303o - \u0110a\u0323i C\u01b0\u01a1ng - Vinmec\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ba\u0323i na\u0303o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t \u1edf tr\u1ebb em, co\u0301 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/04\/22\/bai-nao-dai-cuong\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Vinmec\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-04-22T14:16:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Bai-nao.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Minh Nguyen Phuong Hong\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Minh Nguyen Phuong Hong\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/04\/22\/bai-nao-dai-cuong\/\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/04\/22\/bai-nao-dai-cuong\/\",\"name\":\"Ba\u0323i na\u0303o - 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