{"id":25284,"date":"2023-04-21T13:11:10","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T06:11:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=25284"},"modified":"2023-04-21T18:01:09","modified_gmt":"2023-04-21T11:01:09","slug":"noi-soi-hau-mon-truc-trang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/04\/21\/noi-soi-hau-mon-truc-trang\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u1ed9i soi h\u1eadu m\u00f4n tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Soi h\u1eadu m\u00f4n &#8211; tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u0103m d\u00f2 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a \u1ed1ng soi c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ec1m v\u00e0o h\u1eadu m\u00f4n &#8211; tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd v\u00f9ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n &#8211; tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee5p x quang tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0ng r\u1ea5t \u00edt t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 soi h\u1eadu m\u00f4n &#8211; tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng m\u1edbi mang l\u1ea1i ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u1ed9i soi n\u00e0y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>1. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h2>\n<p>Soi c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u: tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u ti\u00eau h\u00f3a th\u1ea5p, n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n<p>Soi th\u01b0\u1eddng: cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd v\u00f9ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n \u2013 tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ti\u00eau ra m\u00e1u.<\/li>\n<li>R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111i ti\u00eau: \u0111au h\u1eadu m\u00f4n, ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, kh\u00f3 \u0111i ti\u00eau.<\/li>\n<li>Vi\u00eam \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u.<\/li>\n<li>Crohn<\/li>\n<li>Ung th\u01b0.<\/li>\n<li>Polyp.<\/li>\n<li>R\u00f2 h\u1eadu m\u00f4n.<\/li>\n<li>N\u1ee9t h\u1eadu m\u00f4n.<\/li>\n<li>Ng\u1ee9a h\u1eadu m\u00f4n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>2. Ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng khi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n qu\u00e1 gi\u00e0, y\u1ebfu, c\u00f3 thai ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i c\u1ea5p n\u1eb7ng, c\u00f3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a \u1ed1ng soi v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>3. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/h2>\n<h3>3.1. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>Ph\u00f2ng soi k\u00edn v\u00e0 b\u00e0n soi tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<p>D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 soi: \u1ed1ng soi tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i 10 \u2013 15 \u2013 25 \u2013 30cm v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 2cm ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng soi m\u1ec1m, \u1ed1ng soi h\u1eadu m\u00f4n d\u00e0i 10cm.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng<\/li>\n<li>M\u00e1y h\u00fat<\/li>\n<li>Que g\u1eafp<\/li>\n<li>K\u00ecm sinh thi\u1ebft<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3.2. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1ee5t th\u00e1o 2 l\u1ea7n (t\u1ed1i h\u00f4m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi soi 3 gi\u1edd) ho\u1eb7c b\u01a1m Fleet enema 2 l\u1ea7n (t\u1ed1i h\u00f4m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt<\/h2>\n<h3>4.1. T\u01b0 th\u1ebf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u1eb1m ch\u1ed5ng m\u00f4ng, qu\u1ef3 2 \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i.<\/li>\n<li>Ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1eb1m nghi\u00eang tr\u00e1i, co ch\u00e2n tr\u00ean b\u00e0n ph\u1eb3ng n\u1eb1m ngang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>4.2. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Th\u0103m tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f3n tay \u0111eo g\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<li>L\u1eafp v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 soi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi soi.<\/li>\n<li>B\u00f4i tr\u01a1n \u1ed1ng soi<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u01b0a \u0111\u00e8n soi v\u00e0o tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng v\u1eeba soi v\u1eeba t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i.<\/li>\n<li>Sinh thi\u1ebft: khi c\u00f3 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u1ea5m b\u1eb1ng k\u00ecm sinh thi\u1ebft, c\u1eaft polyp khi th\u1ea5y polyp. C\u1ea7m m\u00e1u n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5. Theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 x\u1eed tr\u00ed<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Trong khi l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111au b\u1ee5ng do co th\u1eaft tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c do th\u1ee7ng.<\/li>\n<li>N\u1ebfu co th\u1eaft nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i b\u01a1m h\u01a1i t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi v\u00e0o.<\/li>\n<li>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ee7ng: chuy\u1ec3n Ngo\u1ea1i khoa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>6. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh soi thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 soi t\u1ed1t, tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng tai bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu v\u00f9ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng. H\u1eadu m\u00f4n tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1eeb b\u1edd h\u1eadu m\u00f4n \u1edf ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i t\u1edbi v\u00f9ng n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng sigma, d\u00e0i 17 \u2013 20 cm g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<h3>6.1. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Theo c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu h\u1ecdc, \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1eeb b\u1edd h\u1eadu m\u00f4n \u1edf ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf ph\u00eda trong, d\u00e0i 2 \u2013 3 cm.<\/li>\n<li>Theo c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1eeb b\u1edd h\u1eadu m\u00f4n t\u1edbi v\u00f2ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n. V\u00f2ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n (c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u1edfi c\u01a1 mu tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eebng 2cm. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n theo c\u00e1c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean d\u00e0i 4 \u2013 5 cm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>6.2. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 15 \u2013 17 cm.<\/p>\n<h3>6.3. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ec7nh h\u1ecdc<\/h3>\n<h4>6.3.1. M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c<\/h4>\n<p><em>6.3.1.1. Ph\u1ea7n tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng <\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1c quan tr\u1ecdng:\n<ul>\n<li>V\u00f9ng n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng \u2013 sigma.<\/li>\n<li>Valve h\u1eadu m\u00f4n tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 11 \u2013 13 cm.<\/li>\n<li>Valve h\u1eadu m\u00f4n gi\u1eefa kho\u1ea3ng 8 \u2013 9 cm.<\/li>\n<li>Valve h\u1eadu m\u00f4n d\u01b0\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 5 \u2013 6 cm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng g\u1ed3m c\u00f3:\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00e1c l\u1edbp c\u01a1 d\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<li>L\u1edbp c\u01a1 v\u00f2ng tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng<\/li>\n<li>Ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1i nh\u1eb5n b\u00f3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>6.3.1.2. Ph\u1ea7n \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n: <\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u1ed9t tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng (hay c\u1ed9t Morgagni) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ebfp ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c d\u1ecdc n\u1eb1m ngay ph\u00eda tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3c, cao 10cm, r\u1ed9ng 3 \u2013 6 mm, r\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t n\u01a1i ch\u00e2n c\u1ed9t. C\u00f3 ch\u1eebng 10 c\u1ed9t x\u1ebfp theo chu vi \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n, ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y s\u1eabm m\u00e0u v\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1m r\u1ed1i t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch n\u1eb1m ngay b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng tr\u0129 (tr\u0129 n\u1ed9i xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y).<\/li>\n<li>Xoang tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng (hay xoang Morgagni) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng r\u00e3nh d\u1ecdc n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<li>C\u01a1 d\u1ecdc k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p: \u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i c\u01a1 d\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng h\u00f2a l\u1eabn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 s\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u01a1 d\u1ecdc k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n. C\u01a1 n\u00e0y \u0111i t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi.\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00e1c s\u1ee3i x\u01a1 \u2013 c\u01a1 xuy\u00ean qua c\u01a1 th\u1eaft trong \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f2a l\u1eabn v\u00e0o l\u1edbp ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ee3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e1m v\u00e0o l\u1edbp c\u01a1 ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c v\u00f9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y d\u00ednh ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o l\u1edbp c\u01a1 ni\u00eam. C\u00e1c s\u1ee3i c\u01a1 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng Parks. V\u00f9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m r\u1ed1i tr\u0129 \u2013 m\u1ea1ch tr\u0129 tr\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m r\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ch tr\u0129 d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c s\u1ee3i x\u01a1 \u2013 c\u01a1 h\u00ecnh nan qu\u1ea1t xuy\u00ean qua ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi da c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1eaft ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u01a1 nh\u00edu da b\u00e1m v\u00e0o da v\u00f9ng quanh h\u1eadu m\u00f4n.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c s\u1ee3i x\u01a1 \u2013 c\u01a1 ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi da v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n n\u00f4ng c\u01a1 th\u1eaft ngo\u00e0i, r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i ra ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea1o n\u00ean v\u00e1ch ngang c\u1ee7a h\u1ed1 ng\u1ed3i h\u1eadu m\u00f4n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>6.3.2. M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u<\/h4>\n<p><em>6.3.2.1. \u0110\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch <\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng tr\u00ean: l\u00e0 2 nh\u00e1nh t\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch m\u1ea1c treo tr\u00e0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y \u0111i d\u1ecdc xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi, n\u1eb1m \u1edf 2 b\u00ean th\u00e0nh tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng ngay ph\u00eda tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i n\u00f3 cho ra c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh xuy\u00ean qua l\u1edbp c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng ngay ph\u00eda tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa: xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch ch\u1eadu trong, \u0111i t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ean c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng, cho ra c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng tr\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi: xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch b\u1eb9n, cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1eaft ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1eaft trong, nh\u00e1nh t\u1eadn c\u1ea5p m\u00e1u cho l\u1edbp d\u01b0\u1edbi ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n v\u00e0 l\u1edbp d\u01b0\u1edbi da quanh h\u1eadu m\u00f4n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p m\u00e1u b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng tr\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa, \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p m\u00e1u b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 v\u00f9ng v\u00f4 m\u1ea1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch 2 khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ea5p m\u00e1u kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p><em>6.3.2.2. T\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch <\/em><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch \u1edf tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n t\u1eadp trung th\u00e0nh 2 \u0111\u00e1m r\u1ed1i:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u00e1m r\u1ed1i t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 2 nh\u00f3m ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch nhau b\u1edfi c\u00e1c d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng Parks d\u1eabn l\u01b0u m\u00e1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ec1u nhau. Nh\u00f3m tr\u00ean d\u1eabn m\u00e1u l\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u00e0o t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng tr\u00ean, khi gi\u00e3n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean tr\u0129 n\u1ed9i. Nh\u00f3m d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1eabn m\u00e1u xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0o t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi, khi gi\u00e3n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean tr\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u00e1m r\u1ed1i t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch quanh l\u1edbp c\u01a1 d\u1eabn m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a v\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng tr\u00ean.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>7. M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 B\u1ec6NH L\u00dd TH\u01af\u1edcNG G\u1eb6P<\/h2>\n<h3>7.1. Tr\u0129<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vinmec.com\/vi\/tin-tuc\/thong-tin-suc-khoe\/benh-tri-tu-a-den-z-nguyen-nhan-dau-hieu-va-cach-dieu-tri-hieu-qua\/\">B\u1ec7nh tr\u0129<\/a> r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, g\u1eb7p \u1edf m\u1ecdi l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i. V\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch tr\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh 3 c\u1ed9t (ph\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea3i sau v\u00e0 tr\u00e1i). \u1ede ph\u00eda tr\u00ean v\u00e0 \u1edf ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00e3n t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m r\u1ed1i. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady tr\u0129 l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i sinh l\u00fd b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m r\u1ed1i t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y gi\u00e3n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh tr\u0129.<\/p>\n<h4>7.1.1. H\u00ecnh th\u00e1i tr\u0129<\/h4>\n<p>G\u1ed3m tr\u0129 n\u1ed9i, tr\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i, tr\u0129 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, tr\u0129 v\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n<p><em>7.1.1.1. Tr\u0129 n\u1ed9i<\/em>: h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh do gi\u00e3n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1m r\u1ed1i t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch trong n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3c, ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean b\u00fai tr\u0129 l\u00e0 ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tr\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 1: Tr\u0129 n\u1eb1m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n.<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 2: Khi r\u1eb7n, tr\u0129 th\u1eadp th\u00f2 h\u1eadu m\u00f4n, t\u1ef1 co l\u00ean.<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 3: B\u00fai tr\u0129 t\u1ef1 sa ra ngo\u00e0i khi ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng tay \u1ea5n nh\u1eb9 tr\u0129 m\u1edbi l\u00ean.<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 4: Tr\u0129 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u1edf ngo\u00e0i \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>7.1.1.2. Tr\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i<\/em>: h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh do gi\u00e3n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1m r\u1ed1i t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch tr\u0129 ngo\u00e0i. Tr\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n, ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean b\u00fai tr\u0129 l\u00e0 da quanh h\u1eadu m\u00f4n.<\/p>\n<p><em>7.1.1.3. Tr\u0129 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p<\/em>: l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u0129 n\u1eb1m trong \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 tr\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng Parks ch\u00f9ng, tr\u0129 n\u1ed9i v\u00e0 tr\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh tr\u0129 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p><em>7.1.1.4. Tr\u0129 v\u00f2ng<\/em>: c\u00e1c b\u00fai tr\u0129 to v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00fai tr\u0129 nh\u1ecf li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n<h4>7.1.2. Th\u0103m kh\u00e1m<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Nh\u00ecm ngo\u00e0i \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u0103m h\u1eadu m\u00f4n tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng<\/li>\n<li>Soi h\u1eadu m\u00f4n: qua \u1ed1ng soi th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u00fai tr\u0129.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>7.2. Ung th\u01b0 tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng<\/h3>\n<p>Ung th\u01b0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n n\u1eeda t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ung th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng. Khi soi tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ed1i u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Polyp \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c hay \u0111a polyp, ph\u1ea3i sinh thi\u1ebft m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1c t\u00ednh h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c polyp v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng c\u1ee9ng d\u1ec5 ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u, xung quanh c\u00f3 g\u1edd n\u1ed5i l\u00ean.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng c\u1ee9ng d\u1ec5 ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u, \u1edf gi\u1eefa b\u1ecb lo\u00e9t.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u1ed1i u lo\u00e9t v\u00e0 s\u00f9i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Kh\u1ed1i u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n lan theo chi\u1ec1u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n l\u00e0m l\u00f2ng ru\u1ed9t b\u1ecb h\u1eb9p l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 khi r\u1ea5t h\u1eb9p ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00fat l\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00fat ch\u00ec, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u00e8n soi qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t vi\u00eam m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u. Sinh thi\u1ebft kh\u1ed1i u qua soi r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<h3>7.3. Polyp<\/h3>\n<p>Khi soi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 1 ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u polyp c\u00f3 cu\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 cu\u1ed1ng, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng polyp c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh ung th\u01b0.<\/p>\n<p>Sinh thi\u1ebft qua soi \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u1eaft polyp.<\/p>\n<h3>7.4. Vi\u00eam lo\u00e9t \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u<\/h3>\n<h3><strong>7.5. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c<\/strong>:<\/h3>\n<p>Vi\u00eam \u1ed1ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n, r\u00f2 h\u1eadu m\u00f4n, lipome, condyloma.<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>N\u1ed9i soi ti\u00eau ho\u00e1. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n B\u1ea1ch Mai<\/li>\n<li>Abraham H. Dachman, Andrea Laghi (2011), Atlas of Virtual colonscopy. Springer.<\/li>\n<li>Jean Macr Canard (2011), Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in practice. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Soi h\u1eadu m\u00f4n &#8211; tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u0103m d\u00f2 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a \u1ed1ng soi c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ec1m v\u00e0o h\u1eadu m\u00f4n &#8211; tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd v\u00f9ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n &#8211; tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee5p x quang tr\u1ef1c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":25286,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[5,33],"tags":[3],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>N\u1ed9i soi h\u1eadu m\u00f4n tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng - Vinmec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Soi h\u1eadu m\u00f4n - tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u0103m d\u00f2 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a \u1ed1ng soi c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ec1m v\u00e0o h\u1eadu m\u00f4n - tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd v\u00f9ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n - tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u1ed9i soi n\u00e0y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"N\u1ed9i soi h\u1eadu m\u00f4n tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng - Vinmec\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Soi h\u1eadu m\u00f4n - tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u0103m d\u00f2 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a \u1ed1ng soi c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ec1m v\u00e0o h\u1eadu m\u00f4n - tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd v\u00f9ng h\u1eadu m\u00f4n - tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng. 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