{"id":24460,"date":"2023-04-22T18:30:35","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T11:30:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=24460"},"modified":"2023-04-22T18:30:35","modified_gmt":"2023-04-22T11:30:35","slug":"apretude-giai-phap-moi-cho-viec-ngan-ngua-hiv","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/04\/22\/apretude-giai-phap-moi-cho-viec-ngan-ngua-hiv\/","title":{"rendered":"Apretude – gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi cho vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba HIV"},"content":{"rendered":"

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i virus g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). HIV t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng. B\u1ec7nh AIDS ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh m\u1eafc m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n, ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eed vong. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3, Apretude \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba HIV. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ti\u00eam ph\u00f2ng HIV \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m ViiV Healthcare. V\u1edbi c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edbi, Apretude c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u00eam ph\u00f2ng HIV hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba HIV truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 thu\u1ed1c Apretude<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ng\u00e0y 20\/12\/2021, C\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 D\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m (FDA) \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t Apretude (h\u1ed7n d\u1ecbch ti\u00eam ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch k\u00e9o d\u00e0i Cabotegravir) l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c ti\u00eam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m HIV qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh :<\/strong> Thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1, n\u1eb7ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 35 kg, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m (PrEP) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc HIV qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

Li\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng \u2013 C\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng :<\/strong> Apretude s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam hai m\u0169i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00e1ch nhau m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ti\u00eam hai th\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng Apretude ho\u1eb7c u\u1ed1ng vi\u00ean cabotegravir (Vocabria) trong b\u1ed1n tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 dung n\u1ea1p thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

\"Apretude-thuoc-tiem-phong-hiv-dau-tien-tren-the-gioi\"
Apretude – thu\u1ed1c ti\u00eam ph\u00f2ng HIV \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

2. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Apretude<\/strong><\/h2>\n

T\u00ednh an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Apretude trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m HIV \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 trong hai th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean m\u00f9 \u0111\u00f4i, so s\u00e1nh Apredude v\u1edbi Truvada (m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c u\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m HIV).<\/p>\n

Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng s\u1ed1 1 bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam v\u00e0 n\u1eef chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c v\u1edbi nam, ch\u01b0a nhi\u1ec5m HIV v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi nguy c\u01a1 cao nhi\u1ec5m HIV.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng s\u1ed1 2 g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ch\u01b0a nhi\u1ec5m HIV c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao nhi\u1ec5m HIV.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia d\u00f9ng Apretude trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch u\u1ed1ng vi\u00ean n\u00e9n cabotegravir 30mg v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean gi\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y trong v\u00f2ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a n\u0103m tu\u1ea7n, sau \u0111\u00f3 ti\u00eam Apretude 600mg \u1edf th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 hai, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 hai th\u00e1ng ti\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 u\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean gi\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia d\u00f9ng Truvada trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch u\u1ed1ng Truvada v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y trong v\u00f2ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a n\u0103m tu\u1ea7n, sau \u0111\u00f3 u\u1ed1ng Truvada h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 ti\u00eam b\u1eafp m\u1ed9t m\u0169i gi\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 hai th\u00e1ng ti\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Trong Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m 1, c\u00f3 4.566 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1edbi quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c v\u1edbi nam gi\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Apretude ho\u1eb7c Truvada. Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec5m HIV \u1edf nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia d\u00f9ng cabotegravir u\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eam Apretude hai th\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng Truvada u\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng Apretude c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m HIV th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 69% so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng Truvada.<\/p>\n

Trong Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m 2, c\u00f3 3.224 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1edbi d\u00f9ng Apretude ho\u1eb7c Truvada. Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec5m HIV trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cabotegravir u\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eam Apretude so v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng Truvada u\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng Apretude c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m HIV th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 90% so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng Truvada.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 <\/strong>th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Apretude so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Truvada trong c\u1ea3 hai th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng tr\u00ean l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 ti\u00eam, \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u, s\u1ed1t, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, \u0111au l\u01b0ng, \u0111au c\u01a1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ban.<\/p>\n

3. L\u01b0u \u00fd khi d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c <\/strong><\/h2>\n

Apretude bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o trong h\u1ed9p kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb khi x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HIV \u00e2m t\u00ednh. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u00e2m t\u00ednh v\u1edbi HIV ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n ti\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 HIV kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc HIV ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Apretude cho HIV PrEeP. C\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HIV trong khi d\u00f9ng Apretude cho PrEP ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb HIV ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. Nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u thu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1eabn c\u1ea3m, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng gan v\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

4. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Apretude trong vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba HIV<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao: Apretude \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi Truvada.<\/li>\n
  • Ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i: Th\u1eddi gian ti\u00eam nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i xa, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt t\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/li>\n
  • An to\u00e0n: Apretude \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.<\/li>\n
  • T\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy c\u01a1 cao: Apretude c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh nam, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y nghi\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh cao: ViiV hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh ph\u00ed Apretude v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 ni\u00eam y\u1ebft l\u00e0 $ 3,700 m\u1ed9t l\u1ecd, ho\u1eb7c $ 22,200 m\u1ed7i n\u0103m<\/li>\n
    • T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5: Nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0o, Apretude c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111au c\u01a1, s\u1ed1t, ph\u00e1t ban,\u2026<\/li>\n
    • Ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i: Apretude l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i virus g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). HIV t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng. B\u1ec7nh AIDS ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[12,33],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nApretude - gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi cho vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba HIV - Vinmec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Apretude (h\u1ed7n d\u1ecbch ti\u00eam ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch k\u00e9o d\u00e0i Cabotegravir) l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c ti\u00eam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m HIV qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Apretude - 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