{"id":22834,"date":"2023-04-20T10:58:18","date_gmt":"2023-04-20T03:58:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=22834"},"modified":"2023-04-20T16:06:26","modified_gmt":"2023-04-20T09:06:26","slug":"thuc-pham-nao-gay-ngo-doc-botulinum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/04\/20\/thuc-pham-nao-gay-ngo-doc-botulinum\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c Botulinum?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c Botulinum l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m do \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 Botulinum g\u00e2y ra. \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 Botulinum l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng li\u1ec7t c\u01a1 v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 th\u1edf nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eed vong n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi vi khu\u1ea9n Clostridium botulinum, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n s\u1ed1ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 oxy ho\u1eb7c oxy h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c Botulium.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Th\u1ef1c
Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf l\u1ebb, h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c Botuliium<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

1. T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c Botulinum<\/h2>\n

Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m do \u0111\u1ed9c\u00a0t\u1ed1\u00a0botulinum\u00a0th\u01b0\u1eddng do \u0103n u\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1\u00a0botulinum\u00a0do c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi\u00a0khu\u1ea9n\u00a0Clostridium<\/i>\u00a0sinh ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ec7nh c\u1ea3nh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 li\u1ec7t ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng hai b\u00ean ki\u1ec3u lan xu\u1ed1ng, li\u1ec7t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u1eabn t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c. Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c n\u1eb7ng d\u1eabn t\u1edbi li\u1ec7t c\u01a1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, suy h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eed vong. Li\u1ec7t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i d\u1eabn t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c x\u1ea3y ra kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c. C\u00f3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5, di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn nhanh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi d\u1ec5 b\u1ecf s\u00f3t ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ea7m v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c khai th\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh s\u1eed, \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng li\u1ec7t ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean, qua \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1edbm, d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1\u00a0botulinum\u00a0do nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng, nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n\u00a0Clostridium<\/i>\u00a0sinh \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1\u00a0botulinum\u00a0\u1edf tr\u1ebb nh\u0169 nhi ho\u1eb7c \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn, nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1\u00a0botulinum\u00a0qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/h2>\n

2.1. Vi khu\u1ea9n sinh \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

–\u00a0C\u00e1c vi\u00a0khu\u1ea9n\u00a0Clostridium<\/i>\u00a0sinh \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1\u00a0botulinum\u00a0thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 4 ch\u1ee7ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

+ (1)\u00a0Clostridium botulinum<\/i>\u00a0sinh c\u00e1c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1\u00a0botulinum type A,\u00a0B, C, D, E,\u00a0F, G.<\/span><\/p>\n

+ (2)\u00a0C. baratii<\/i>\u00a0sinh \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1\u00a0botulinum type F.<\/span><\/p>\n

+ (3) C. butyricum<\/i>\u00a0sinh \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1\u00a0botulinum type\u00a0E.<\/span><\/p>\n

+ (4)\u00a0C. argentinense<\/i>\u00a0sinh \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1\u00a0type\u00a0G.<\/span><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n\u00a0Gram\u00a0d\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, sinh nha b\u00e0o. Nha b\u00e0o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u trong \u0111\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, ru\u1ed9t h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111un s\u00f4i 100\u00b0C \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t 1 atm trong v\u00e0i gi\u1edd.<\/span><\/p>\n

2.2 \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

–\u00a0Ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1\u00a0botulinum type A,\u00a0B, E, F g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1\u00a0botulinum\u00a0c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0\u00a0protein,\u00a0tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kho\u1ea3ng 150 ngh\u00ecn\u00a0Dalton,\u00a0d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f4i (\u0103n th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u1edbi n\u1ea5u ch\u00edn kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c).<\/span><\/p>\n

–\u00a0B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c do m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 c\u00f9ng l\u00fac.<\/span><\/p>\n

2.3. Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

–\u00a0C\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u00e0 th\u1ecbt h\u1ed9p (do \u0111\u00f3 vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ecbt). Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb rau, c\u1ee7, qu\u1ea3, th\u1ecbt, h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n,….\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i k\u00edn (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ed9p, can, lon, chai, l\u1ecd, bao, t\u00fai, g\u00f3i) c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n b\u00ean trong kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1eabn t\u1edbi b\u00e0o t\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 sinh ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/span><\/p>\n

–\u00a0Ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf l\u1ebb, h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0103n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

–\u00a0Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u0103ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi do: tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00fai h\u00fat kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, \u0111un l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u00edn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0103n.<\/span><\/p>\n

–\u00a0Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t: \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1\u00a0botulinum\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1.<\/span><\/p>\n

2.4. \u0110\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y b\u1edfi a x\u00edt d\u1ecbch v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c men ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p thu ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf t\u00e1 tr\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed3ng tr\u00e0ng v\u00e0o m\u00e1u t\u1edbi c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 c\u00e1c synape\u00a0cholinergic\u00a0thu\u1ed9c h\u1ec7 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf th\u1ea7n kinh ngo\u1ea1i bi\u00ean, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00fat d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh ph\u00f3 giao c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f4ng, v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea7n kinh. Ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 h\u1ea5p thu, chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 th\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1.<\/span><\/p>\n

–\u00a0C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng:\u00a0botulinum\u00a0g\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c t\u1ea1i c\u00fac t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng \u1edf ti\u1ec1n synape, c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t c\u00e1c\u00a0protein\u00a0c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean m\u00e0ng c\u00fac t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng c\u00e1c t\u00fai ch\u1ee9a\u00a0acetylcholine,\u00a0ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng\u00a0acetylcholine\u00a0v\u00e0o khe synape, ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n kinh \u1edf c\u00e1c d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u00f3 giao c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c synape b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c synape m\u1edbi. H\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/span><\/p>\n

–\u00a0Li\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9c: li\u1ec1u 0,09 mcg ti\u00eam t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eb7ng 70kg.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 Botulinum l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 g\u00e2y ra ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nguy hi\u1ec3m. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi vi khu\u1ea9n Clostridium botulinum. \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c Botulinum. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o b\u1ecb nghi ng\u1edd c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 Botulinum \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y ho\u1eb7c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o: B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c Botulinum l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m do \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 Botulinum g\u00e2y ra. \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 Botulinum l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng li\u1ec7t c\u01a1 v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 th\u1edf nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eed vong n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[5,33],"tags":[3],"yoast_head":"\nTh\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c Botulinum? - Vinmec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c Botulinum l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m do \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 Botulinum g\u00e2y ra. \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 Botulinum l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra ...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c Botulinum? 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