{"id":21803,"date":"2023-04-15T22:55:37","date_gmt":"2023-04-15T15:55:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=21803"},"modified":"2023-05-02T15:29:09","modified_gmt":"2023-05-02T08:29:09","slug":"hai-hoa-khop-can-tuong-quan-he-thong-co-nhai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/04\/15\/hai-hoa-khop-can-tuong-quan-he-thong-co-nhai\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00e0i h\u00f2a kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn – T\u01b0\u01a1ng quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 nhai."},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00f9ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 nhai v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0i h\u00f2a kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn, b\u1edfi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn. C\u00f9ng \u0111i v\u00e0o b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"tuong-quan-he-thong-co-nhai-1\"
H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 nhai<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

1. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 nhai<\/h2>\n

Ch\u00fang ta chia h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 nhai ra th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng h\u00e0m. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng sang ngang c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan trung t\u00e2m. B\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u01a1 ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbm ngo\u00e0i k\u00e9o l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng h\u00e0m k\u00e9o x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi ra sau v\u00e0 l\u00ean tr\u00ean. B\u00f3 tr\u00ean c\u01a1 ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbm ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u1eef \u0111\u0129a kh\u1edbp \u0111\u00fang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong khi l\u1ed7i c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng h\u00e0m l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 \u1edf ph\u00eda xa c\u1ee7a r\u0103ng do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 n\u00e0y n\u00e2ng l\u1ed7i c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o c\u1ee7 kh\u1edbp trong chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3n l\u1ec1. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 c\u1eafn, c\u01a1 ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbm trong v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u01a1 th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

\u1ede v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ngh\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ea1 h\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng c\u0169ng \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ngh\u1ec9. X\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u1edf h\u00e0m t\u1eeb t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ngh\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n co c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ea1 h\u00e0m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u00e3n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng h\u00e0m. Khi h\u00e0m ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1edf, d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf c\u1ed5 l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eebng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng xoay b\u1ea3n l\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u. T\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u di chuy\u1ec3n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi b\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u01a1 ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbm ngo\u00e0i co, n\u00f3 k\u00e9o l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a kh\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o theo l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u. Khi ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u0129a kh\u1edbp l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u1ef3 l\u00ean v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7 kh\u1edbp x\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eb3ng sau \u0111\u0129a kh\u1edbp c\u0103ng trong khi n\u00f3 xoay tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u v\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u0129a kh\u1edbp s\u1ebd duy tr\u00ec tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 xoay \u0111\u0129a kh\u1edbp t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec9nh l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u0129a kh\u1edbp ph\u1ea3i d\u1eebng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 v\u00e0 b\u00f3 tr\u00ean c\u01a1 ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbm ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u0129a kh\u1edbp trong khi h\u00e1 mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 khi h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea7ng ph\u00eda tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 sau \u0111\u0129a ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u0129a kh\u1edbp trong chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0m ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u, khi \u0111\u0129a kh\u1edbp xoay sau, c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y \u00edt c\u0103ng h\u01a1n. T\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng trong ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean x\u1ea3y ra khi l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng ra sau.<\/p>\n

Khi h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i \u1edf b\u00f3 gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 b\u00f3 sau c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng co l\u1ea1i k\u00e9o h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi ra sau trong khi \u0111\u00f3 b\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u01a1 ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbm ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng khi c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0m ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ea1 h\u00e0m c\u0169ng gi\u00e3n khi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng h\u00e0m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u co. S\u1ef1 co c\u00f9ng l\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng h\u00e0m k\u00e9o l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u l\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn nghi\u00eang \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00f3 b\u1ecb d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i do c\u1ef1c trong b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 k\u00e9o l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc co nh\u1eb1m gi\u1eef l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u t\u1ef7 l\u00ean c\u1ee7 kh\u1edbp.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u0129a kh\u1edbp l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n g\u1eafn v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u1edbi hai c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u, n\u00f3 b\u1ecb k\u00e9o c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng trong su\u1ed1t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng xoay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, v\u00ec v\u1eady khi \u0111\u00f3ng h\u00e0m, b\u1ecf tr\u00ean c\u01a1 ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbm ngo\u00e0i co l\u00e0m trung h\u00f2a s\u1ee9c k\u00e9o c\u1ee7a b\u00f3 s\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i m\u00f4 sau \u0111\u0129a, gi\u1eef \u0111\u0129a kh\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 xoay ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u v\u00ec l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng ra sau.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a kh\u1edbp th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1eadn gi\u1eefa l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a kh\u1edbp. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u \u0111\u0129a kh\u1edbp v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1eadn c\u1ee7a l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u \u0111\u0129a kh\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu c\u01a1. Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c c\u01a1 l\u00e0 do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u0129a kh\u1edbp b\u00e1m sai, n\u1ebfu v\u1eady, chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn khi t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch th\u00edch ban \u0111\u1ea7u cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a c\u01a1. N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u1ea3y ra trong kh\u1edbp, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p l\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng, ho\u1eb7c li\u1ec7u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu v\u00f9ng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt s\u1eeda, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i k\u00e8m theo vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

2. T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0i h\u00f2a kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn<\/h2>\n

Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u01a1 trong chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m. C\u01a1 b\u1ecb m\u1ecfi n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u1ec9, v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u00e9p c\u01a1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. Khi r\u0103ng tham gia v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00e0m m\u1eb7t, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ri\u00eang l\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 l\u1ed3ng m\u00fai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c r\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i h\u00f2a v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng kh\u1edbp-d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng-c\u01a1, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb c\u0103ng v\u00e0 m\u1ecfi. Khi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n tham gia b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf l\u00e0m l\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o n\u1eefa, th\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u01a1 \u0111\u00f3ng h\u00e0m s\u1ebd k\u00e9o ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u \u0111\u0129a kh\u1edbp l\u00ean cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi c\u1ef1c trong ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi x\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c r\u0103ng nghi\u00eang g\u00e2y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao nh\u1ea5t, c\u01a1 ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbm ngo\u00e0i bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u1edf trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 cho x\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0i h\u00f2a v\u1edbi c\u00e1c r\u0103ng. H\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi khi \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c r\u0103ng l\u1ed3ng m\u00fai t\u1ed1i \u0111a, ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec c\u01a1 ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbm ngo\u00e0i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd ra l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a x\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbm ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0m ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u1eafn ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0y tr\u1eeb phi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c r\u0103ng l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c b\u1ecb sang ch\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf g\u00e2y ra l\u1ef1c co c\u01a1 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u1edf c\u01a1 ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbm ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m tinh t\u1ebf, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac xung quanh kh\u1ecfi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng th\u1ea7n kinh c\u00f3 receptor c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 trong d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng nha chu \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean t\u1eebng r\u0103ng \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eadn c\u1ea3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i bao tay bao quanh d\u00e2y ch\u1eb1ng nha chu v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean r\u0103ng, t\u1ea1o ra ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho c\u01a1 ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbm ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb h\u00e0m, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng h\u00e0m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp k\u00e9o h\u00e0m t\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1ed3ng m\u00fai t\u1ed1i \u0111a. N\u1ebfu r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi di chuy\u1ec3n sang tr\u00e1i th\u00ec c\u01a1 ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbm ngo\u00e0i b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i s\u1ebd co \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Co c\u01a1 ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbm ngo\u00e0i b\u00ean tr\u00e1i th\u00ec h\u00e0m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a sang ph\u1ea3i. Co \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3 2 b\u00ean h\u00e0m s\u1ebd ra sau. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 co c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1ed3ng m\u00fai t\u1ed1i \u0111a, nh\u01b0ng c\u01a1 ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbm ngo\u00e0i lu\u00f4n li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c n\u00e0o t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang s\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan gi\u1eefa c\u01a1 ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbm ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c receptor c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00f9ng quanh r\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 khi n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c co c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 khi m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u1eafn v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

D\u1ea1ng l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 m\u1ed7i khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec trong k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o, v\u00ec v\u1eady co c\u01a1 khi \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0m l\u1ec7ch sang b\u00ean tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a k\u00fd \u1ee9c receptor c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea5t nhanh n\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c ng\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. D\u1ea1ng l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c s\u1ebd b\u1ecb qu\u00ean ngay khi n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa n\u1eefa. Trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0i h\u00f2a kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t h\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n-qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u1eafn v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, nh\u01b0ng Williamson v\u00e0 Mahan \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0i h\u00f2a kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed sinh l\u00ed c\u1ee7a l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Williamson \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u1eafn l\u00ean s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u01a1, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u1edf r\u0103ng sau v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u g\u00e2y ra ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng h\u00e0m. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn r\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1ea3 kh\u1edbp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c r\u0103ng sau t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac n\u00e0o ngo\u00e0i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan t\u00e2m, th\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng h\u00e0m ng\u1eebng co ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m co t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m khi c\u00e1c r\u0103ng sau nh\u1ea3 kh\u1edbp. N\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 r\u0103ng sau n\u00e0o \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m m\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u01a1, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean l\u1ef1c t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u r\u0103ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf c\u1eafn, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng h\u00e0m co qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u0169ng g\u00e2y ra qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i l\u1ef1c \u1edf kh\u1edbp.<\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Williamson c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn do \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi m\u1ed7 t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o. Lo\u1ea1i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00ec n\u00f3 ghi nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan gi\u1eefa k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u01a1 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan trung t\u00e2m, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c minh v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i.
\nNh\u1eefng ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 n\u00e2ng h\u00e0m t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea3 kh\u1edbp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong h\u1ec7 c\u01a1 hi\u1ebfm khi t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1eb1m th\u00edch nghi. Do c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00f2n, m\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n n\u00ean r\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. Kh\u1edbp th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhai. Mongini \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u sau khi t\u00e1i l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n r\u0103ng-r\u0103ng. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 quan ni\u1ec7m cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i l\u1eadp h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a kh\u1edbp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u1edbi kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn b\u1ea5t h\u00e0i h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c \u1edf l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Mongini v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u do s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa. \u00d4ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1eb3ng d\u1eb9t hay loe c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u. S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00f5m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u00e1c di l\u1ec7ch ra sau c\u1ee7a l\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u1edbp c\u1ee7a kh\u1edbp TDH c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nhai c\u1ee7a r\u0103ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i li\u00ean quan n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i h\u00e0i h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn. C\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0m l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 \u00fd mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y gi\u00fap x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e1c s\u0129 kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng: \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1c k\u00ec ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00e0m m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

Theo: S\u00e1ch Functional Occlusion From TMJ to Smile Design – Dawson<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00f9ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 nhai v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0i h\u00f2a kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn, b\u1edfi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn. C\u00f9ng \u0111i v\u00e0o b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y. 1. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 nhai Ch\u00fang ta chia […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[28,33],"tags":[3],"yoast_head":"\nH\u00e0i h\u00f2a kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn - T\u01b0\u01a1ng quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 nhai.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 nhai v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng ch\u1ec9nh nha. 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