{"id":19498,"date":"2023-04-14T15:28:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-14T08:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=19498"},"modified":"2023-04-14T15:40:17","modified_gmt":"2023-04-14T08:40:17","slug":"tong-quan-benh-bach-cau-cap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/04\/14\/tong-quan-benh-bach-cau-cap\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p \u1edf tr\u1ebb em"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Leukemia (b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd ung th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u. B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c trong t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng, khi c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>1. T\u1ed5ng quan b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p:<\/h2>\n<p>Leukemia l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd ung th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u. B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c trong t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng, khi c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<p>Leukemia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00e1c trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1u. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a leukemia bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ed1t, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u d\u01b0\u1edbi da, ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u nhi\u1ec1u khi c\u1eaft hay ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111au x\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_19525\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19525\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-19525 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/symptoms-of-leukemia-in-women-Needs-To-Know-and-What-Is-the-Life-Expectancy-of-a-Person-With-Leukemia-And-Can-it-Be-Cured-300x189.jpg\" alt=\"B\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p\" width=\"300\" height=\"189\" srcset=\"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/symptoms-of-leukemia-in-women-Needs-To-Know-and-What-Is-the-Life-Expectancy-of-a-Person-With-Leukemia-And-Can-it-Be-Cured-300x189.jpg 300w, http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/symptoms-of-leukemia-in-women-Needs-To-Know-and-What-Is-the-Life-Expectancy-of-a-Person-With-Leukemia-And-Can-it-Be-Cured-1024x646.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/symptoms-of-leukemia-in-women-Needs-To-Know-and-What-Is-the-Life-Expectancy-of-a-Person-With-Leukemia-And-Can-it-Be-Cured-768x484.jpg 768w, http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/symptoms-of-leukemia-in-women-Needs-To-Know-and-What-Is-the-Life-Expectancy-of-a-Person-With-Leukemia-And-Can-it-Be-Cured.jpg 1104w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-19525\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">B\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>2. D\u1ecbch t\u1ec5 b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p:<\/h2>\n<div class=\"InfiniteScroll_scrollContainerReverse__3F2Dd\">\n<div class=\"ChatMessagesView_infiniteScroll__K_SeP\">\n<div class=\"ChatMessagesView_messagePair__CsQMW\">\n<div class=\"ChatMessage_messageRow__7yIr2\">\n<div class=\"ChatMessage_messageWrapper__Zf87D\">\n<div class=\"Message_row___ur0Y\">\n<div class=\"Message_botMessageBubble__CPGMI \">\n<div class=\"Markdown_markdownContainer__UyYrv\">\n<div class=\"InfiniteScroll_scrollContainerReverse__3F2Dd\">\n<div class=\"ChatMessagesView_infiniteScroll__K_SeP\">\n<div class=\"ChatMessagesView_messagePair__CsQMW\">\n<div class=\"ChatMessage_messageRow__7yIr2\">\n<div class=\"ChatMessage_messageWrapper__Zf87D\">\n<div class=\"Message_row___ur0Y\">\n<div class=\"Message_botMessageBubble__CPGMI \">\n<div class=\"Markdown_markdownContainer__UyYrv\">\n<ul>\n<li>Leukemia l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf tr\u1ebb em, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 30% trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd ung th\u01b0 \u1edf tr\u1ebb em.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc leukemia \u1edf nam gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u1eef gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c tr\u1ebb em d\u01b0\u1edbi 5 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i tr\u00ean 60 tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a leukemia bao g\u1ed3m di truy\u1ec1n, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m virus Epstein-Barr, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 v\u00e0 Helicobacter pylori.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<footer class=\"ChatPageMainFooter_footer__Hm4Rt\"><\/footer>\n<h2>3. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p:<\/h2>\n<p>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a leukemia v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a leukemia bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 di truy\u1ec1n:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i leukemia c\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 di truy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf tr\u1ebb em. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ecb leukemia, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh cao h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c:<\/strong> Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 benzen, x\u1ea1 k\u00edch, thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nhi\u1ec5m virus:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 virus nh\u01b0 virus Epstein-Barr, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 v\u00e0 Helicobacter pylori c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i leukemia.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c:<\/strong> C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Down syndrome.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a leukemia l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<h2>4. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p:<\/h2>\n<p>Leukemia l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd ung th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng. Theo ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a <strong>T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/strong> <strong>(WHO) n\u0103m 2016<\/strong>, leukemia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<h3>Leukemia lympho<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Leukemia c\u1ea5p d\u00f2ng lympho\u00a0 (Acute lymphoblastic leukemia &#8211; ALL)<\/li>\n<li>Leukemia m\u1ea1n d\u00f2ng lympho (Chronic lymphocytic leukemia &#8211; CLL)<\/li>\n<li>Leukemiat\u1ebf b\u00e0o t\u00f3c (Hairy cell leukemia &#8211; HCL)<\/li>\n<li>Leukemia h\u1ea1t l\u1edbn (Large granular lymphocytic leukemia &#8211; LGL)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\n<h3>Leukemia myeloid<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Leukemia c\u1ea5p d\u00f2ng tu\u1ef7\u00a0(Acute myeloid leukemia &#8211; AML)<\/li>\n<li>Leukemia m\u1ea1n d\u00f2ng tu\u1ef7 (Chronic myeloid leukemia &#8211; CML)<\/li>\n<li>Leukemia m\u1ea1n d\u00f2ng tu\u1ef7 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh\u00a0(Atypical chronic myeloid leukemia &#8211; aCML)<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n sinh tu\u1ef7\/ C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh t\u0103ng sinh tu\u1ef7 \u00e1c t\u00ednh (Myelodysplastic\/myeloproliferative neoplasms &#8211; MDS\/MPN)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\n<h3>Leukemia \u0111a th\u1ec3 (Biphenotypic leukemia) &#8211; c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o lympho v\u00e0 myeloid.<\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, WHO c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh m\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 <em><strong>Pre-T-ALL, Early T-cell precursor leukemia (ETP-ALL), Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN), v\u00e0 Mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL).<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a WHO gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia y t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi cho t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<h2>5. Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng:<\/h2>\n<p>Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a leukemia \u1edf tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eb7ng nh\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng chung c\u1ee7a leukemia \u1edf tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>S\u1ed1t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng:<\/strong> Tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean do c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u00e0 suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/strong> Tr\u1ebb em th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u00e0 suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c do t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ecf d\u01b0\u1edbi da:<\/strong> Tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u d\u01b0\u1edbi da ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ecf d\u01b0\u1edbi da do thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110au \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t:<\/strong> Tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t do thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110au kh\u1edbp v\u00e0 \u0111au x\u01b0\u01a1ng:<\/strong> Tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111au kh\u1edbp ho\u1eb7c \u0111au x\u01b0\u01a1ng do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra s\u01b0ng v\u00e0 \u0111au.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u00f3 th\u1edf<\/strong>: Tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb kh\u00f3 th\u1edf do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>6. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p:<\/h2>\n<h3>6.1. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n:<\/h3>\n<p>Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n leukemia \u1edf tr\u1ebb em th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i leukemia v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eb7ng nh\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Huy\u1ebft h\u1ecdc:<\/strong> X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0, ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u. C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ebfm t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 hemoglobin, ti\u1ec3u c\u1ea7u, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sinh h\u00f3a:<\/strong> X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u00f3a s\u1ebd gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 sinh h\u00f3a trong m\u00e1u, bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gan v\u00e0 th\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<li><strong>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng:<\/strong> X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ung th\u01b0 m\u00e1u. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u01b0\u1eddn ho\u1eb7c x\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1eadu \u0111\u1ec3 xem c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ee5p c\u1eaft l\u1edbp vi t\u00ednh (CT):<\/strong> \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 xem c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ung th\u01b0.\u00a0Ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ee5p CT, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee5p h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ung th\u01b0 m\u00e1u, bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ee5p c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb (MRI), si\u00eau \u00e2m v\u00e0 PET scan.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sinh thi\u1ebft:<\/strong> l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra gen:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra gen c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn gen c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ung th\u01b0 m\u00e1u, gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ung th\u01b0 s\u1edbm v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>6.2. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb:<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb leukemia \u1edf tr\u1ebb em ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eb7ng nh\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>H\u00f3a tr\u1ecb:<\/strong> H\u00f3a tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u00ednh cho leukemia. Thu\u1ed1c h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ung th\u01b0 v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eb7ng nh\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gh\u00e9p t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, gh\u00e9p t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gh\u00e9p t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 sung:<\/strong> B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 gh\u00e9p t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng, tr\u1ebb em c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u00ednh. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 sung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng, thu\u1ed1c gi\u1ea3m \u0111au v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng histamin \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/strong>: Tr\u1ebb em c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111au v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 bao g\u1ed3m ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ed1t, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e2m l\u00fd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb leukemia \u1edf tr\u1ebb em l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia y t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h2>7. Ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/h2>\n<p>Ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ung th\u01b0 m\u00e1u \u1edf tr\u1ebb ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1ec7nh, \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1edbm, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em b\u1ecb ung th\u01b0 m\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 80-90%. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n mu\u1ed9n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 lan r\u1ed9ng, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 ung th\u01b0 t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ung th\u01b0 m\u00e1u \u1edf tr\u1ebb ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1edbm c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb.<\/p>\n<p><em>Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm ung th\u01b0 m\u00e1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh s\u1edbm v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Leukemia (b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd ung th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u. B\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c trong t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng, khi c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, d\u1eabn [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[15,33],"tags":[3],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p \u1edf tr\u1ebb em - Vinmec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Leukemia (b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd ung th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 t\u1ee7y x\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p \u1edf tr\u1ebb em - 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