{"id":18519,"date":"2023-04-11T18:17:47","date_gmt":"2023-04-11T11:17:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=18519"},"modified":"2023-04-13T12:33:36","modified_gmt":"2023-04-13T05:33:36","slug":"co-che-benh-sinh-va-phan-loai-benh-tim-bam-sinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/04\/11\/co-che-benh-sinh-va-phan-loai-benh-tim-bam-sinh\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ec7nh sinh v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh tim b\u1ea9m sinh"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0B\u1ec7nh tim b\u1ea9m sinh\u00a0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecb t\u1eadt c\u1ee7a tim v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u l\u1edbn x\u1ea3y ra trong 2 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a thai k\u1ef3, v\u00e0o l\u00fac h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c bu\u1ed3ng tim, van tim, c\u00e1c n\u00fat th\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o nh\u1ecbp tim, h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a tim v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u l\u1edbn.<\/strong>
\nB\u1ec7nh tim b\u1ea9m sinh (BTBS ) l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh tim m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf tr\u1ebb em. N\u00f3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn 90% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh tim m\u1ea1ch \u1edf tr\u1ebb em. T\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t m\u1eafc BTBS kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 0,7-0,8%, nam n\u1eef m\u1eafc ngang nhau, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ecba d\u01b0 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong do BTBS r\u1ea5t cao, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 15% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 t\u1eed vong trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 s\u01a1 sinh. \u0110a s\u1ed1 t\u1eed vong c\u1ee7a BTBS x\u1ea3y ra trong 2 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u00a0\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n b\u00e0o thai<\/h2>\n

– Tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n m\u00e1u \u1edf thai kh\u00e1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi sau \u0111\u1ebb do trong b\u00e0o thai ph\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a thai nhi ch\u01b0a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ecdi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua rau thai. Tim c\u1ee7a thai l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u201cho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng song song\u201d. Hai th\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng nh\u1eadn m\u00e1u t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch r\u1ed1n nh\u1edd c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 co b\u00f3p v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng 1 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c: th\u1ea5t tr\u00e1i t\u1ed1ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7 l\u00ean, th\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1ng m\u00e1u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7 xu\u1ed1ng qua \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch.
\n– Khi sinh ra \u0111\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tim thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp\u201d, do l\u00fac sinh tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n r\u1ed1n ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t, gi\u01b0\u1eddng mao m\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed5i m\u1edf ra, \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i. Khi \u0111\u00f3 tim tr\u00e1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp sau tim ph\u1ea3i, tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n chia th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1i tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n.
\n– Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n b\u00e0o thai v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t sau khi tr\u1ebb ra \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ebd gi\u00fap l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i sao m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh tim b\u1ea9m sinh r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng \u0111e do\u1ea1 ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng trong b\u1ee5ng m\u1eb9.<\/p>\n

\"minh-hoa-tuan-hoan-bao-thai\"
\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n b\u00e0o thai<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

2. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh tim b\u1ea9m sinh<\/h2>\n

2.1. Sai l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eafc th\u1ec3<\/h3>\n

Chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 5% c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh tim b\u1ea9m sinh, th\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u00f4n \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng \u0111a d\u1ecb t\u1eadt.
\nTh\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p l\u00e0 tam NST 21, 18, 13, 22 v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Turner.<\/p>\n

2.2. Di truy\u1ec1n<\/h3>\n

– Tr\u00ean NST th\u01b0\u1eddng mang gien tr\u1ed9i: th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng \u0111a d\u1ecb t\u1eadt m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 BTBS l\u00e0 d\u1ecb t\u1eadt ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Noonan, h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Marfan.
\n– Tr\u00ean NST th\u01b0\u1eddng mang gien l\u1eb7n: h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Jervell (QT k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ed9t t\u1eed), h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Ellis Van Creveld (tim ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 1 nh\u0129 k\u00e8m c\u00e1c d\u1ecb t\u1eadt kh\u00e1c).
\n– Di truy\u1ec1n theo th\u1ec3 \u1ea9n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn NST gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh: th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb \u1edf tr\u1ebb trai nh\u01b0 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Hunter (d\u1ecb t\u1eadt \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u van tim v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0nh), lo\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01a1 Duchenne.<\/p>\n

2.3. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i lai x\u1ea3y ra trong khi mang thai<\/h3>\n

– C\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u00fd nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tia ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1, tia gama, tia quang tuy\u1ebfn X.
\n– Nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9c ch\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh, thu\u1ed1c an th\u1ea7n.
\n– Nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng virus \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Rub\u00e9ole trong 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 thai.
\n– C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 m\u1eafc khi \u0111ang mang thai: \u0111\u00e1i th\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ec7nh Lupus ban \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

3. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh tim b\u1ea9m sinh<\/h2>\n

3.1. T\u1eadt b\u1ea9m sinh chung c\u1ee7a tim<\/h3>\n

– V\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a tim(tim sang ph\u1ea3i, \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 t\u1ea1ng).
\n<\/em>– Bloc nh\u0129 th\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ea9m sinh.
\n– B\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p nh\u0129 th\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

3.2. B\u1ec7nh tim b\u1ea9m sinh\u00a0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00edm, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lu\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n

– B\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb b\u00ean tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a tim
\n+ H\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7 (d\u01b0\u1edbi van, t\u1ea1i van,tr\u00ean van), h\u1eb9p eo \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7.
\n+ Tim c\u00f3 3 bu\u1ed3ng nh\u0129 .
\n– B\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a tim
\n+ H\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed5i (d\u01b0\u1edbi van, t\u1ea1i van, tr\u00ean van).
\n+ B\u1ec7nh Ebstein.<\/p>\n

3.3. BTBS kh\u00f4ng t\u00edm c\u00f3 lu\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng tr\u00e1i-ph\u1ea3i<\/h3>\n

– Th\u00f4ng li\u00ean th\u1ea5t.
\n– Th\u00f4ng li\u00ean nh\u0129 .
\n– C\u00f2n \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch.
\n– Th\u00f4ng s\u00e0n nh\u0129 th\u1ea5t .<\/p>\n

3.4. B\u1ec7nh tim b\u1ea9m sinh c\u00f3 t\u00edm, lu\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i-tr\u00e1i<\/h3>\n

– C\u00f3 t\u0103ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed5i
\n+ Ho\u00e1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch.
\n+ Th\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i 2 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ra.
\n+ Th\u00e2n chung \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch.
\n+ N\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed5i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.
\n+ Tim ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 1 th\u1ea5t .
\n+ Tim ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 1 nh\u0129 chung.
\n– Tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed5i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m
\n+ T\u1ee9 ch\u1ee9ng Fallot.
\n+ Tam ch\u1ee9ng Fallot.
\n+ Teo van 3 l\u00e1.
\n+ B\u1ec7nh Ebstein v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng nh\u0129 ph\u1ea3i qua nh\u0129 tr\u00e1i.
\n– C\u00f3 t\u0103ng \u00e1p ph\u1ed5i:
\n+Ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p Eisenmenger.<\/p>\n

\"minh-hoa-benh-tim-bam-sinh\"<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch kh\u00e1m t\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7n, Qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch vui l\u00f2ng b\u1ea5m s\u1ed1\u00a0HOTLINE<\/b><\/a>\u00a0ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp\u00a0T\u1ea0I \u0110\u00c2Y<\/b><\/a>. T\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch kh\u00e1m t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean\u00a0\u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng MyVinmec<\/a>\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, theo d\u00f5i l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1eb9n m\u1ecdi l\u00fac m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i ngay tr\u00ean \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U THAM KH\u1ea2O<\/strong>
\n<\/em><\/strong>1. Gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh nhi khoa – \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y D\u01b0\u1ee3c Hu\u1ebf<\/p>\n

2. Batisse A (1993): \u201cCardiologie p\u00e9diatrique pratique\u201d. Doin \u00e9diteurs-Paris.<\/p>\n

3. Dupuis C, Kachaner J, Payot M, Freedom R.M, (1991): \u201cCardiologie p\u00e9diatrique\u201d.Davignon A. Ed. Flammarion M\u00e9dicine-Sciences.<\/p>\n

4. Philippe F (1994): \u201cCardiopathies cong\u00e9nitales\u201d. In: Cardiologie. ELLIPSES\/ AUPELF, p. 416-420.<\/p>\n

5. Moss and Adams (1995): \u201cHeart disease in Infants, Children, and Adolescents including the Fetus and Young Adult\u201d. 5th Ed. Baltimore Williams and Wilkins.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0B\u1ec7nh tim b\u1ea9m sinh\u00a0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecb t\u1eadt c\u1ee7a tim v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u l\u1edbn x\u1ea3y ra trong 2 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a thai k\u1ef3, v\u00e0o l\u00fac h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c bu\u1ed3ng tim, van tim, c\u00e1c n\u00fat th\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o nh\u1ecbp tim, h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a tim v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u l\u1edbn. B\u1ec7nh tim […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[7,33],"tags":[3],"yoast_head":"\nC\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ec7nh sinh v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh tim b\u1ea9m sinh - Vinmec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"B\u1ec7nh tim b\u1ea9m sinh\u00a0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecb t\u1eadt c\u1ee7a tim v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u l\u1edbn x\u1ea3y ra trong 2 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a thai k\u1ef3, v\u00e0o l\u00fac h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a tim tr\u1ebb.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ec7nh sinh v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh tim b\u1ea9m sinh - 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