{"id":18501,"date":"2023-04-14T17:59:50","date_gmt":"2023-04-14T10:59:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=18501"},"modified":"2023-05-02T15:57:19","modified_gmt":"2023-05-02T08:57:19","slug":"ky-thuat-tram-rang-bang-xi-mang-thuy-tinh-gic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/04\/14\/ky-thuat-tram-rang-bang-xi-mang-thuy-tinh-gic\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u00e1m r\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng xi m\u0103ng thu\u1ef7 tinh (GIC)."},"content":{"rendered":"

Xi m\u0103ng thu\u1ef7 tinh – Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Wilson v\u00e0 Kent gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1972 t\u1eeb xi m\u0103ng polycarboxylat k\u1ebdm b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay th\u1ebf acid phosphoric b\u1eb1ng polyacrylic. GIC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1edd hai \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m (1) B\u00e1m d\u00ednh t\u1ed1t v\u00e0o men, ng\u00e0 r\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 (2) Ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch fluor v\u00e0o m\u00f4 r\u0103ng xung quanh n\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng s\u00e2u r\u0103ng th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u00e1m r\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng xi m\u0103ng thu\u1ef7 tinh (GIC)\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a GIC<\/h2>\n
\"GIC\"
Minh ho\u1ea1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a GIC<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

1.1. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc<\/h3>\n

– Kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t k\u00e9m, th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

– S\u1ef1 h\u00f2a tan: \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c xi m\u0103ng tr\u00e1m r\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb ho\u00e0 tan d\u1ea7n v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt. S\u1ef1 ho\u00e0 tan c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do, v\u1edbi GIC s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra d\u01b0\u1edbi 3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c sau:<\/p>\n

+ Tan r\u00e3 do tr\u1ed9n c\u00f2n non.<\/p>\n

+ S\u1ef1 m\u00f2n theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

+ S\u1ef1 r\u1ea1n v\u1ee1.<\/p>\n

Trong 24 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u khi GIC ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tan r\u1eefa. Do v\u1eady, GIC c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i verni sau khi tr\u1ea7m. Sau 3 ng\u00e0y GIC \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f2n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u1ea3y ra. V\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0i m\u00f2n k\u00e9m n\u00ean GIC kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1m \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

1.2. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc<\/h3>\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng (ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u): Qua 3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: Ho\u00e0 tan; Nh\u00e3o ho\u00e1; \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng.<\/em><\/p>\n

a) Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u00e0 tan:<\/p>\n

– Khi tr\u1ed9n b\u1ed9t v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, acid t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i thu\u1ef7 tinh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ion Al, ion Ca, ion F.<\/p>\n

– Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng x\u1ea3y ra t\u1eeb t\u1eeb, sau 24 gi\u1edd th\u00ec xi m\u0103ng s\u1ebd \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Tuy r\u1eb1ng sau 3 \u2013 6 ph\u00fat xi m\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

b) Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u00e3o ho\u00e1:<\/p>\n

– S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng l\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh c\u1ee7a ion Ca v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m carboxyl c\u1ee7a acid h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ion Al.<\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ea5t tr\u00e1m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng l\u1edbp vecni. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp vecni n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c ion Al khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ra ngo\u00e0i, m\u1ea5t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chu\u1ed7i acid polyacrylic, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng GIC. L\u1edbp vecni c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e1nh cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ea5t tr\u00e1m b\u1ecb ng\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng GIC.<\/p>\n

c) Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng:<\/p>\n

Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong 7 ng\u00e0y. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 30 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 ion Al tham gia ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ch\u00e9o ph\u00e2n t\u1eed chu\u1ed7i acid, l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh c\u1ea7u mu\u1ed1i Al. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u1ea3y ra cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi GIC \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i b\u00e1m d\u00ednh ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc: b\u00e1m d\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft ion v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft hydro.<\/p>\n

– GIC c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00e1m d\u00ednh v\u00e0o men v\u00e0 ng\u00e0. Tr\u00ean men, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ion polyacrylic ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac apatite (di chuy\u1ec3n ion calci v\u00e0 phosphat, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp trung gian c\u1ee7a ion polyacrylic, phosphat v\u00e0 calci) hay g\u1eafn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o calci c\u1ee7a apatite.<\/p>\n

– S\u1ef1 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng b\u00e1m d\u00ednh hydro v\u1edbi collagen c\u1ee7a khung protein ng\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi li\u00ean k\u1ebft ion v\u00e0o apatite c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0. S\u1ef1 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh tr\u00ean men t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n tr\u00ean ng\u00e0.<\/p>\n

1.3. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh h\u1ecdc<\/h3>\n

– pH kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ea5t acid, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ngay sau khi tr\u00e1m r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m (\u00ea bu\u1ed1t, sau 7 \u2013 8 gi\u1edd s\u1ebd \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh).<\/p>\n

– Polyacrylic l\u00e0 acid y\u1ebfu, \u00edt k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1ee7y.<\/p>\n

– Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 tu\u1ef7, do v\u1eady ch\u1ec9 tr\u00e1m khi l\u1edbp ng\u00e0 tr\u00ean tu\u1ef7 >0,5mm.<\/p>\n

– Ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch fluor: Trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1ee9ng, GIC c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng fluor d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ion, ph\u00f2ng s\u00e2u r\u0103ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n. Do ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch fluor n\u00ean GIC t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i kho\u00e1ng cho m\u1ecf c\u1ee9ng (\u0111\u00e1y v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1ed7 tr\u00e1m), ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e2u r\u0103ng th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

1.4. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ed9 trong c\u1ee7a GIC l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t thu\u1ef7 tinh. GIC kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 trong \u0111\u1ea1t th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 nh\u01b0 composite, do v\u1eady \u00edt d\u00f9ng cho r\u0103ng c\u1eeda.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i GIC l\u00e0 quang tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 h\u00f3a tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p, lo\u1ea1i quang tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

2. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a GIC<\/h2>\n

– Tr\u00e1m v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n cho r\u0103ng s\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u00e1m v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u1ed7 tr\u00e1m:<\/p>\n

+ Lo\u1ea1i V: C\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau theo ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed\u2013 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

+ Lo\u1ea1i I: K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 1, 2 theo ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u2013 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc (s\u00e2u h\u1ed1 r\u00e3nh v\u00e0 s\u01b0\u1eddn n\u00fam)<\/p>\n

+ Lo\u1ea1i II: K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 1, 2 theo ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u2013 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

+ Lo\u1ea1i III: K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 1, 2 theo ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u2013 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

+ Lo\u1ea1i IV: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng pin ng\u00e0.<\/p>\n

– K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u00e1m r\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng sang ch\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n

– G\u1eafn c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee5p.<\/p>\n

– K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u00e1m Sandwich: tr\u00e1m l\u00f3t GIC l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n cho composite.<\/p>\n

– S\u00e2u r\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 s\u00e2u r\u0103ng cao.<\/p>\n

3. C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GIC<\/h2>\n

Tr\u1ed9n b\u1ed9t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t nh\u1eabn c\u1ee7a k\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e1nh, d\u00f9ng que \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb9t \u0111\u01b0a ch\u1ea5t tr\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 b\u1ed9t\/ n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i GIC c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tham kh\u1ea3o theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n

\u2013 Lo\u1ea1i I (d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eafn c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee5p): b\u1ed9t\/ n\u01b0\u1edbc = 1,5 : 1<\/p>\n

\u2013 Lo\u1ea1i II (tr\u00e1m r\u0103ng): b\u1ed9t\/ n\u01b0\u1edbc = 3 : 1<\/p>\n

\u2013 Lo\u1ea1i III (d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1m l\u00f3t): b\u1ed9t\/ n\u01b0\u1edbc = 1,5 : 1<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ed9n l\u00e0 30 gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

4. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u00e1m GIC<\/h2>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: C\u00e1ch ly r\u0103ng: t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111am cao su<\/em><\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: T\u1ea1o l\u1ed7 tr\u00e1m<\/em><\/p>\n

\u2013 D\u00f9ng m\u0169i khoan tr\u1ee5 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn l\u1ea5y h\u1ebft m\u00f4 ng\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m m\u00f4 c\u1ee9ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng m\u0169i khoan tr\u00f2n nh\u1ecf l\u1ea5y s\u1ea1ch ng\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1y l\u1ed7 tr\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

\u2013 T\u1ea1o l\u1ed7 tr\u00e1m lo\u1ea1i V:<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e2u ch\u00e2n r\u0103ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n cao tu\u1ed5i hay nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e2u r\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e1m k\u00edn b\u1eb1ng GIC. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb l\u00f5m h\u00ecnh ch\u00eam \u1edf c\u1ed5 r\u0103ng t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t b\u1ecb m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, ho\u1eb7c m\u00f2n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng GIC \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ed7 tr\u00e1m nh\u01b0 sau: D\u00f9ng m\u0169i khoan tr\u00f2n nh\u1ecf (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 008, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 012) l\u1ea5y \u0111i m\u00f4 ng\u00e0 vi\u00eam v\u00e0 m\u00f4 ng\u00e0 n\u1ee9t g\u00e3y. Sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng m\u0169i khoan kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n

\u2013 T\u1ea1o l\u1ed7 tr\u00e1m lo\u1ea1i I, II, III:<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh: B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n cao tu\u1ed5i, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e2u r\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u1ee5t l\u1ee3i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb s\u00e2u \u1edf ph\u00eda g\u1ea7n. V\u00f9ng t\u1ee5t l\u1ee3i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecb sau \u1edf m\u1eb7t trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i d\u1ea1ng ch\u1eef V. Vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ed7 tr\u00e1m d\u1ea1ng r\u00e3nh g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng amalgam c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khi d\u00f9ng GIC. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u0169i khoan kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u1ed1 r\u00e3nh v\u00f9ng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh l\u1ed7 sau, l\u1ea5y \u0111i ng\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, d\u00f9ng m\u0169i khoan tr\u00f2n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh men tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m m\u00f4 c\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: D\u00f9ng khu\u00f4n tr\u00e1m, ch\u00e9n g\u1ed7 cho l\u1ed7 tr\u00e1m m\u1eb7t b\u00ean.<\/em><\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Che t\u1ee7y b\u1eb1ng calci hydroxyd (khi t\u1ea1o l\u1ed7 tr\u00e1m n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1y c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 tr\u00e1m c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea7n bu\u1ed3ng t\u1ee7y d\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng 0,5mm).<\/em><\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 5: X\u1eed l\u00fd ng\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng acid nh\u1eb9 lo\u00e3ng (g\u1ed3m ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd ng\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c dung d\u1ecbch acid polyacrylic 10%) trong v\u00f2ng 20 gi\u00e2y, sau \u0111\u00f3 r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, th\u1ed5i kh\u00f4.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u2013 Tr\u1ed9n b\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc theo \u0111\u00fang t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 trong th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ed9n 30 gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 6: D\u00f9ng que \u0111\u01b0a ch\u1ea5t tr\u00e1m \u0111\u1eb7t nhanh v\u00e0 h\u01a1i d\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat l\u01b0\u1ee3ng GIC, d\u00f9ng c\u00e2y \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh l\u1ed7 tr\u00e1m, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u00e0m tr\u01a1n nh\u1eb5n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t mi\u1ebfng tr\u00e1m b\u1eb1ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7m tay.<\/em><\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 7: Th\u00e1o \u0111am cao su.<\/em><\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 8: \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh kh\u1edbp c\u1eafn v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh xoang m\u1edbi tr\u00e1m b\u1eb1ng m\u0169i khoan kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ecbn kh\u00f4ng phun n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/em><\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 9: Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i tr\u00e1m b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u00e9n cao su.<\/em><\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc 10: B\u00f4i verni m\u1ed1i tr\u00e1m.<\/em><\/p>\n

5. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0u \u00fd khi tr\u00e1m GIC<\/h2>\n
\"GIC-2\"
GIC l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn m\u1edbi trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nha khoa<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

5.1. S\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ea5t tr\u00e1m GIC<\/h3>\n

\u2013 Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ecb m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a GIC li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi<\/p>\n

+ S\u1ef1 ho\u00e0 tan c\u1ee7a GIC do: tr\u1ed9n b\u1ed9t c\u00f2n non, s\u1ef1 m\u00f2n theo th\u1eddi gian, s\u1ef1 r\u1ea1n v\u1ee1.<\/p>\n

+ Kh\u00f4ng b\u00f4i verni sau tr\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

+ Tr\u00e1m \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c nhai l\u1edbn (do t\u00ednh ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a GIC k\u00e9m).<\/p>\n

\u2013 C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng s\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n:<\/p>\n

+ Tr\u1ed9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u theo \u0111\u00fang h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

+ Kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1m \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c nhai l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

+ \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eafn kh\u00edt \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n

+ M\u00e0i nh\u1eb5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

+ B\u00f4i verni sau tr\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

5.2. B\u1ecdng kh\u00ed<\/h3>\n

\u2013 B\u1ecdng kh\u00ed trong l\u00f2ng kh\u1ed1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a GIC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y r\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c v\u1ee1 m\u1ed1i tr\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n:<\/p>\n

+ Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i do gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ea5t tr\u00e1m ho\u1eb7c khi \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ea5t tr\u00e1m b\u1ecbt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ra c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed, l\u00e0m kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y m\u1edbi tr\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

+ GIC qu\u00e1nh s\u1ebd b\u1ecb k\u00e9o kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong khi \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ea5t tr\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

+ K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

+ S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u00ean b\u1ecb b\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1m l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

5.3. \u0110i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t<\/h3>\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n:<\/p>\n

– S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng matrix kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, di chuy\u1ec3n trong khi tr\u00e1m, matrix kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t r\u0103ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

– S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00eam g\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n

– GIC d\u00ednh b\u1ecb k\u00e9o kh\u1ecfi l\u00e1 matrix trong khi \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ea5t tr\u00e1m.<\/p>\n

– Matrix qu\u00e1 d\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

– S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng matrix, ch\u00e9m g\u1ed7 \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

– C\u1ea9n th\u1eadn khi \u0111\u1eb7t GIC.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u00e1m l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

5.4. S\u1ef1 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef k\u00e9m<\/h3>\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n:<\/p>\n

– V\u00f9ng tr\u00e1m b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch mi\u1ec7ng.<\/p>\n

– Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac s\u1edbm v\u1edbi r\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n, ho\u1eb7c tr\u00e1m qu\u00e1 cao.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u00e1m \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c nhai l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1ch ly t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

– \u1ede nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c nhai l\u1edbn c\u1ea7n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ea5t tr\u00e1m kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

– \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1eafn \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Nha khoa c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u1eadp 2 – NXB Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Xi m\u0103ng thu\u1ef7 tinh – Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Wilson v\u00e0 Kent gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1972 t\u1eeb xi m\u0103ng polycarboxylat k\u1ebdm b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay th\u1ebf acid phosphoric b\u1eb1ng polyacrylic. GIC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1edd hai \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m (1) B\u00e1m d\u00ednh t\u1ed1t v\u00e0o men, ng\u00e0 r\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u00e1 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[28,33],"tags":[3],"yoast_head":"\nK\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u00e1m r\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng xi m\u0103ng thu\u1ef7 tinh (GIC). - Vinmec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u00e1m r\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng xi m\u0103ng thu\u1ef7 tinh (GIC) th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, tu\u1ef3 v\u00e0o ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u00e1m r\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng xi m\u0103ng thu\u1ef7 tinh (GIC). - 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