{"id":18305,"date":"2023-04-12T00:19:47","date_gmt":"2023-04-11T17:19:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/?p=18305"},"modified":"2023-04-12T16:09:10","modified_gmt":"2023-04-12T09:09:10","slug":"xo-gan-nguyen-nhan-trieu-chung-chan-doan-va-dieu-tri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/index.php\/2023\/04\/12\/xo-gan-nguyen-nhan-trieu-chung-chan-doan-va-dieu-tri\/","title":{"rendered":"X\u01a1 gan: nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>X\u01a1 gan l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a gan, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi m\u00f4 x\u01a1. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 x\u01a1 n\u00e0y ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gan b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gan. Theo WHO, x\u01a1 gan l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd gan ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc x\u01a1 gan tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 1-2% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ch\u00e2u \u00c1, 0,5-1% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 B\u1eafc M\u1ef9, v\u00e0 \u00edt h\u01a1n 0,5% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 Nam M\u1ef9. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd gan nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>1. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a x\u01a1 gan<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>U\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u r\u01b0\u1ee3u: Theo Trung t\u00e2m Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba D\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh Hoa K\u1ef3 (CDC), u\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y x\u01a1 gan ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li>Nhi\u1ec5m virus vi\u00eam gan B v\u00e0 C: WHO cho bi\u1ebft, nhi\u1ec5m virus vi\u00eam gan B v\u00e0 C l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y x\u01a1 gan.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ec7nh di truy\u1ec1n: Do b\u1ec7nh di truy\u1ec1n hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ec7nh Wilson, b\u1ec7nh thi\u1ebfu antitrypsin, \u2026<\/li>\n<li>X\u01a1 gan m\u1eadt nguy\u00ean ph\u00e1t: L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i x\u01a1 gan kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng<\/li>\n<li>X\u01a1 gan c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc: X\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng do t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eadt ch\u00ednh m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c t\u1eafc t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean gan.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 methotrexate, isoniazid, &#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_18343\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-18343\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-18343 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/istockphoto-478268112-612x612-1-300x125.jpg\" alt=\"M\u1eafc vi\u00eam gan B c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn t\u1edbi x\u01a1 gan\" width=\"300\" height=\"125\" srcset=\"http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/istockphoto-478268112-612x612-1-300x125.jpg 300w, http:\/\/noithathoaphat.in\/ctv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/istockphoto-478268112-612x612-1.jpg 612w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-18343\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">M\u1eafc vi\u00eam gan B c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn t\u1edbi x\u01a1 gan<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>2. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u01a1 gan<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vinmec.com\/vi\/tieu-hoa-gan-mat\/thong-tin-suc-khoe\/benh-xo-gan-co-che-nguyen-nhan-va-cac-giai-doan-tien-trien\/\">Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/a> x\u01a1 gan th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n<h3>2.1. Kh\u00e1m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng<\/h3>\n<p>B\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed b\u1ec7nh, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<h3>2.2. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u<\/h3>\n<p>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gan v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gan, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c m\u00e1u, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m virus vi\u00eam gan B v\u00e0 vi\u00eam gan C. N\u1ebfu nghi ng\u1edd\u00a0 do virus vi\u00eam gan B ho\u1eb7c C, b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng virus.<\/p>\n<h3>2.3. Si\u00eau \u00e2m v\u00e0 ch\u1ee5p CT ho\u1eb7c MRI<\/h3>\n<p>Si\u00eau \u00e2m, CT ho\u1eb7c MRI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a gan v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<h3>2.4. Ch\u1ecdc sinh thi\u1ebft t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan<\/h3>\n<p>Ch\u1ecdc sinh thi\u1ebft t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u01a1 h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<h3>2.5. \u0110o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u01a1 gan (Fibroscan )<\/h3>\n<p>L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u01a1 h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a gan.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia y t\u1ebf c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<h2>3. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb x\u01a1 gan<\/h2>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. N\u1ebfu do virus vi\u00eam gan B ho\u1eb7c C g\u00e2y ra, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng virus \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t virus v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh. N\u1ebfu do u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho gan, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n ng\u1eebng u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho gan.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng: \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 \u0111au b\u1ee5ng, bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ch\u00e1n \u0103n. B\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u1ea3m \u0111au, ch\u1ed1ng n\u00f4n, b\u1ed5 gan v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh. N\u1ebfu x\u01a1 gan c\u1ed5 ch\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecdc h\u00fat d\u1ecbch.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt: N\u1ebfu b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u1eb7ng, b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt gh\u00e9p gan \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gan. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb x\u01a1 gan giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh: B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, gi\u1ea3m u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c, t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m stress l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gan v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u1ea7n duy tr\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<p>X\u01a1 gan l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh s\u1edbm v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch kh\u00e1m t\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7n, Qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch vui l\u00f2ng b\u1ea5m s\u1ed1\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vinmec.com\/vi\/tin-tuc\/thong-tin-suc-khoe\/dich-2019-ncov\/thong-tin-suc-khoe\/co-nen-tri-hoan-viec-tiem-chung-trong-dot-dich-covid-19\/\"><strong>HOTLINE<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vinmec.com\/vi\/tin-tuc\/thong-tin-suc-khoe\/dich-2019-ncov\/thong-tin-suc-khoe\/co-nen-tri-hoan-viec-tiem-chung-trong-dot-dich-covid-19\/\"><strong>T\u1ea0I \u0110\u00c2Y<\/strong><\/a>. T\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch kh\u00e1m t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vinmec.com\/myvinmec\/\">\u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng MyVinmec<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, theo d\u00f5i l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1eb9n m\u1ecdi l\u00fac m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i ngay tr\u00ean \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. https:\/\/youtu.be\/kYEePtrmllQ<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>X\u01a1 gan l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a gan, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gan b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi m\u00f4 x\u01a1. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 x\u01a1 n\u00e0y ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gan b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gan. Theo WHO, x\u01a1 gan l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd gan ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[5,33],"tags":[3],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>X\u01a1 gan: nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb - Vinmec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Theo WHO, x\u01a1 gan l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd gan ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. 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